Cervical traction is administered by various techniques ranging from supine mechanical motorized cervical traction to seated cervical traction using an over-the-door pulley support with attached weights. Duration of cervical traction can range from a few minutes to 20 to 30 min, once or twice weekly to several times per day. Anecdotal evidence suggests efficacy and safety, but there is no documentation of efficacy of cervical traction beyond short-term pain reduction. Because of a clinical impression that a simplified, inexpensive, over-the-door home cervical traction method of treatment requiring 5 min of cervical traction twice daily was efficacious for both cervical pain and radiculopathic syndromes, we undertook a retrospective study of 58 outpatients treated between 1994 and 1996. Age range was 29 to 84 (mean, 56) yr. Twenty-three males and 35 females were classified as Grade 1 to Grade 3 according to the Quebec Task Force of Whiplash-Associated Disorders Cohort Study. Outcomes were as follows: Grade 1 (mild)--4 of 4 (100%) patients improved; Grade 2 (moderate)--34 of 44 (77%) patients improved (P < 0.01), 5 were unchanged, and 5 felt their symptoms were aggravated by cervical traction; Grade 3 (patients with radiculopathy)--9 of 10 (90%) patients improved (P < 0.01). In a retrospective study, a brief (3-5 min), over-the-door home cervical traction modality provided symptomatic relief in 81% of the patients with mild to moderately severe (Grade 3) cervical spondylosis syndromes. Prospective, randomized assessment of cervical traction for this and other methods is needed.
Zusammenfassung: Autologem Conditioniertem Serum (ACS) wird eine hohe Sicherheit zugesprochen, die in veterinärmedizinischen Studien bisher nicht mit einer größeren Patientenzahl belegt wurde. Ziel dieser Studie war die Bestimmung einer Komplikationshäufigkeit und potentieller Risikofaktoren anhand einer größeren Anzahl von Pferden, die intraartikuläre Injektionen mit ACS erhielten. Dafür wurden die Krankenakten von Pferden, bei denen mindestens ein Gelenk der Vorder-oder Hintergliedmaße mit ACS behandelt wurde, retrospektiv ausgewertet. Als potentielle Risikofaktoren galten diagnostische Gelenksinjektionen bis zu drei Tage vor der ACS-Injektion, Medikamente oder Antibiotika, die systemisch oder intraartikulär gleichzeitig mit ACS verabreicht wurden, und Arthroskopien bzw. Gelenkspülungen, die in einem zeitlichem Abstand von bis zu 47 Tagen vor der intraartikulären ACS-Injektion durchgeführt wurden. Insgesamt wurden bei 387 Pferden 1.445 Gelenksinjektionen durchgeführt. Die Komplikationshäufigkeit nach einer intraartikulären ACS-Injektion wurde mit der adjustierten Waldmethode ermittelt und betrug 4,8 pro 1.000 Injektionen (95 % KI 1,7-9,3). Um diese Komplikationshäufigkeit in einer prospektiven Studie abzusichern, sollten mindestens 5.900 Probanden pro Gruppe behandelt werden. Schwerwiegende oder lebensbedrohliche Komplikationen wurden nicht beobachtet. Die intraartikuläre Applikation von ACS geht mit einem geringen Komplikationsrisiko einher. Schlüsselwörter: Pferd / ACS / Autologes Conditioniertes Serum / Gelenkinjektion / intraartikuläre Injektion / Komplikation / Komplikationshäufigkeit / RisikofaktorenComplications after intra-articular application of ACS (IRAP ® ) in horses -retrospective study Autologous Conditioned Serum (ACS) is considered to have a high level of safety, which has not yet been statistically validated in a large number of veterinary patients. The aims of this study were to determine the frequency of complications and potential risk factors for a larger number of horses who received intra-articular injections with ACS. For this purpose medical records of horses that had been treated at least in one joint of the fore-or hindlimb with ACS were evaluated retrospectively. Potential risk factors were diagnostic joint injections up to three days prior to ACS injection, drugs or antibiotics administered systemically or intra-articularly at the same time as ACS, and arthroscopies and joint lavages, respectively, at a time interval of up to 47 days before intra-articular ACS injection. A total number of 1,445 joint injections were carried out on 387 horses. The complication rate after intra-articular ACS injection was determined by the adjusted Wald method and was 4.8 per 1,000 injections (95 % CI 1.7-9.3). To ensure this complication rate in a prospective study, at least 5,900 subjects per group should be treated. Serious or life-threatening complications were not observed. The intra-articular administration of ACS is associated with a low complication risk.
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