Invasive disease due to group B streptococcal (GBS) infection results in a wide spectrum of clinical disease in neonates. Maternal colonization by GBS is the primary risk factor for disease.

Objectives To evaluate the antifungal susceptibility profile of the aqueous extract of the bark of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi against the strains of the genus Candida. Methods By using the disk diffusion method, 50 samples of the genus Candida (Candida albicans; Candida krusei; Candida glabrata; and Candida tropicalis), isolated from patients receiving treatment at Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, and 1 American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) sample of each species were tested against: the isolated aqueous extract of the bark of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, isolated nystatin, and the association of nystatin and the aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi. Results There were no significant differences regarding the different strains of Candida tested. In the presence of the aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, no inhibition halo was visible. Isolated nystatin formed an inhibition halo measuring respectively 18.50 mm and 19.50 mm for the Candida albicans species and the others referred to as non-Candida albicans (Candida krusei; Candida glabrata; and Candida tropicalis). The association of nystatin and the aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi resulted in inhibition halos measuring 14.25 mm and 16.50 mm respectively. The comparisons of these results are statistically significant (p < 0,001). Conclusion The aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi showed no antifungal activity in vitro against the strains tested, whereas the association of nystatin and the aqueous extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi caused a decrease in the inhibition halo when compared with isolated nystatin.

Maternal colonization by Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B Streptococcus(GBS) during pregnancy increases the risk of neonatal infection due to vertical transmission from mother to fetus before or during labor. The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the SP80 fraction (obtained from Allium sativum) and its synergism associated with the antibiotic against strains of GBS. The broth microdilution was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the SP80 and to establish the MIC of SP80 (2.40 mg/mL). By using, the disk diffusion method, fifty-five clinical isolates and 1 ATCC of GBS were tested against the association of the SP80 fraction with antibiotic PEN and AMP, respectively, for synergistic assessment. The results showed that the association of SP80 + PEN did not alter the response of PEN alone. In contrast, the association of SP80 + AMP caused the mean inhibition halos to increase with a p<0.001. The SP80 fraction has antimicrobial activity against GBS, and the association with the antibiotic AMP showed a synergistic effect, which did not occur when in association with PEN.

Maternal colonization by Group B Streptococcus during pregnancy increases the risk of neonatal infection due to vertical transmission from mother to fetus before or during labor. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of SP80 (obtained from RGE) and its synergism associated with the antibiotic against strains of Streptococcus agalactiae. Biomonitoring of SP80 disclosed antimicrobial activity only in fractions F18, F19, F20 and F42. The broth microdilution was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of SP80 and fractions from SP80 and to establish the MIC of SP80 (2.40 mg/mL). By using the disk diffusion method, fifty-five clinical isolates of S. agalactiae and 1 ATCC were tested against the association of SP80 with antibiotic penicillin G and ampicillin, respectively, for synergistic assessment. The association of SP80 with penicillin G showed that the mean of the inhibition halos decreased, but it was not significant, with p<0.07. In contrast, the association of SP80 with ampicillin caused the mean inhibition halos to increase with a p<0.001, a significant result. SP80 has antimicrobial activity against S. agalactiae Gram-positive bacteria, and the association with the antibiotic ampicillin showed a synergistic effect, which did not occur when in association with penicillin G.

Maternal colonization by Group B Streptococcus during pregnancy increases the risk of neonatal infection due to vertical transmission from mother to fetus before or during labor. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of SP80 (obtained from RGE) and its synergism associated with the antibiotic against strains of Streptococcus agalactiae. The broth microdilution was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of SP80 and to establish the MIC of SP80 (2.40 mg/mL). By using the disk diffusion method, fifty-five clinical isolates of S. agalactiae and 1 ATCC were tested against the association of SP80 with antibiotic PEN and AMP, respectively, for synergistic assessment. The association of SP80 + PEN showed that the mean of the inhibition halos decreased, but it was not significant, with p=0.07. In contrast, the association of SP80 + AMP caused the mean inhibition halos to increase with a p<0.001, a significant result. SP80 has antimicrobial activity against S. agalactiae Gram-positive bacteria, and the association with the antibiotic AMP showed a synergistic effect, which did not occur when in association with PEN.