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Head and neck oncologic surgeons increase the CMI for hospitals and ultimately influence the hospital's reimbursement. There is a need for increased collaboration between hospitals and departments in fostering and furthering their head and neck surgical oncology programs by taking CMI into consideration.

Native plants may coevolve with native arthropods and may be associated with greater arthropod diversity than non-native plants. Thompson Mills Forest, a state arboretum owned by the University of Georgia and located in Braselton, GA, is home to a variety of oak (Quercus L., Fagacaeae) species, both native and non-native to Georgia. Arthropods were sampled from 20 trees belonging to 12 species, 8 native and 4 non-native, using beat sheets for 10 consecutive weeks in 2018. More than 500 arthropods were collected, with Coleoptera, Araneae, and Psocodea comprising more than 70% of the arthropods collected. Neither abundance nor Shannon index varied among trees of native or non-native origin or among tree species, although both variables peaked during the middle of the sampling period. Multivariate analyses showed similar arthropod communities were associated with native and non-native oaks. The results suggest that non-native plants may naturalize and, if so, may interact with arthropod communities in similar ways as native congeners. Further research into the long-term ecological interactions with non-native plants is recommended.

correlate the incidence of VTE with perioperative risk assessment, 2) determine whether VTE prophylaxis effectively decreases the risk of perioperative VTE, and 3) assess if VTE prophylaxis increases bleeding complications in otolaryngology.Method: A retrospective case-control study was conducted at a tertiary care medical center among adults presenting for otolaryngologic surgery from 2003 to 2010 (n = 3498). Patients treated before the implementation of guideline-based VTE prophylaxis protocols were compared to patients treated after implementation. Primary outcome variables were Caprini risk level, perioperative VTE, and bleeding complications. Results:The odds of a VTE increased 1.435 times with each level increase in the Caprini VTE risk level (P = .048). The VTE rate after implementation of prophylactic protocols was significantly lower than prior to implementation (OR 0.286, P = .005). However, the type of VTE prophylaxis had no significant effect on the likelihood of developing a VTE. The likelihood of a bleeding complication was not significantly different before and after implementation. The odds of a bleeding complication increased for patients receiving twice daily enoxaparin (OR 4.546, P = .032) or a treatment (rather than prophylactic) dose of anticoagulant (OR 3.546, P < .001).Conclusion: Perioperative VTE risk stratification based on Caprini risk assessment in otolaryngology is effective. The odds of VTE decreased after the implementation of guidelinedirected VTE prophylaxis. Although perioperative bleeding complications did not increase after the implementation of VTE prophylaxis protocols, therapeutic anticoagulation is associated with a higher incidence of bleeding complications. Method: A systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature was performed to identify evidence for use of simulation in otolaryngology education. Identified articles were analyzed by three independent coders across 19 parameters encompassing study methodology, simulator information, subject information, skills taught, and outcome measures. General Otolaryngology Simulation in OtolaryngologyResults: Level V evidence dominates the peer-reviewed literature. Medical knowledge is the ACGME core competency most frequently taught. Many subspecialties within otolaryngology are underrepresented. Most simulators consist of anatomical models, and most studied simulators are high-fidelity simulators. Most studies lack a control group, and most do not use validated outcome measures. Education theory is underused. However, most studies conclude that the device employed or described is effective. Conclusion:While there is a modest amount of peer-reviewed evidence for the use of simulation in otolaryngology education, there remain many gaps that translate to opportunities for academic otolaryngologists. General OtolaryngologySurvey on Tobacco-Cessation Practices and Policies (SToPP) Eric T. Carniol, MD, MBA (presenter); Elizabeth Mahoney, MD; Scharukh Jalisi, MD; Katie A. McDonough; Namitha MurthyObjective: 1) Analyze current practic...