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Northumbria University has developed Northumbria Research Link (NRL) to enable users to access the University's research output. Copyright © and moral rights for items on NRL are retained by the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. Single copies of full items can be reproduced, displayed or performed, and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided the authors, title and full bibliographic details are given, as well as a hyperlink and/or URL to the original metadata page. The content must not be changed in any way. Full items must not be sold commercially in any format or medium without formal permission of the copyright holder. The full policy is available online: http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/policies.html This document may differ from the final, published version of the research and has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies. To read and/or cite from the published version of the research, please visit the publisher's website (a subscription may be required.) Exploring the dynamics of ownership in communityoriented design projects ABSTRACTThis paper contributes an exploration of ownership as a dynamic process in community-oriented projects. We use case study accounts of two design projects to consider participation in contexts where social structure is relevant to design outcomes. In studying these dynamics, we consider four aspects: what motivates ownership; how ownership transitions; structures to support ownership; and facilitating efficacy among participants. Specifically, we study the contribution of a Danish research team to the production of a media façade for a Swedish municipality and how British researchers engaged community groups in making internet radio podcasts to share insight. We examine the complexity of the social process involved and trace patterns of change, before concluding with pragmatic and ethical reasons for technology design to pay attention to ownership issues.

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Samples of pure ferric oxide gel have been calcined for 5 hours a t a succession of fixed temperatures T, between 50" and 800°, and the following properties of the product measured on cooling: (a) sorption of nitrogen and of oxygen a t -183";(b) sorption of carbon tetrachloride a t 25"; (c) heat of immersion in carbon tetrachloride and in decalin; (d) apparent density in various liquids ; ( e ) dissolution when immersed alternately in sodium dithionite (hyposulphite) and in hydrochloric acid ; (f) rate of dissolution in hydrochloric acid; (g) X-ray powder photographs. The specific surface area S obtained from (u), ( b ) , and (c) fell continuously from the lowest temperature investigated, so that-contrary to, e.g., the production of magnesia from magnesium hydroxide-there is no maximum in the curve of S against temperature of calcination. This is probably because ferric oxide gel on being heated does not undergo a polymorphic change but merely loses its water continuously from an amorphous or slightly organised condition.The data for apparent density reveal the presence of pores of micro-and molecular dimensions for all values of T , up to 800". The rate Y of dissolution per unit area varies but little with T, in the presence of the reducing agent; whereas in the absence of the reducing agent, the rate Y , which likewise varies little with T, from 150" to 500", drops markedly for the 800" sample, probably because the lattice first becomes destrained in this sample.