IntroductionComplex older adults, such as those with hip fracture, frequently require care from multiple professionals across a variety of settings. Integrated care both between providers and across settings is important to ensure care quality and patient safety. The purpose of this study was to determine the core factors related to poorly integrated care when hip fracture patients transition between care settings.MethodsA qualitative, focused ethnographic approach was used to guide data collection and analysis. Patients, their informal caregivers and health care providers were interviewed and observed at each care transition. A total of 45 individual interviews were conducted. Interview transcripts and field notes were coded and analysed to uncover emerging themes in the data.ResultsFour factors related to poorly integrated transitional care were identified: confusion with communication about care, unclear roles and responsibilities, diluted personal ownership over care, and role strain due to system constraints.ConclusionsOur research supports a broader notion of collaborative practice that extends beyond specific care settings and includes an appropriate, informed role for patients and informal caregivers. This research can help guide system-level and setting-specific interventions designed to promote high-quality, patient-centred care during care transitions.

Background: Health interventions and practices often lag behind the available research, and the need for timely translation of new health knowledge into practice is becoming increasingly important. Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic search and review of the literature on online knowledge translation techniques that foster the interaction between various stakeholders and assist in the sharing of ideas and knowledge within the health field. Methods: The search strategy included all published literature in the English language since January 2003 and used the MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE and Inspec databases. Results:The results of the review indicate that online strategies are diverse, yet all are applicable in facilitating online health-related knowledge translation. The method of knowledge sharing ranged from use of wikis, discussion forums, blogs, and social media to data/knowledge management tools, virtual communities of practice and conferencing technology -all of which can encourage online health communication and knowledge translation. Conclusions: Online technologies are a key facilitator of health-related knowledge translation. This review of online strategies to facilitate health-related knowledge translation can inform the development and improvement of future strategies to expedite the translation of research to practice.Keywords: Health services research, Internet, knowledge management, knowledge transfer, review and systematic search Key Messages• Online strategies for health-related knowledge translation can act as vehicles to link researchers, practitioners, policymakers and consumers, thus facilitating the timely and relevant exchange of information, including where gaps in knowledge exist.• Information and communication technologies are a pragmatic and timely means to selectively transfer valuable research to policy makers, healthcare providers, the public and other stakeholders.• Information and communication technologies, particularly the Internet, have also produced knowledge translation challenges including access to and user knowledge of online technologies.• Through online technologies, it is possible for stakeholders to share knowledge regardless of geographical constraints, thus encouraging the advancement of knowledge in health and subsequent translation to practice.• Virtual communities of practice are an effective and pragmatic way for health professionals, the general public and other key stakeholders to interact and share knowledge.

Review of the Canadian Association of Optometrists Frequency of Eye Examinations Guideline – Summary

Rates of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and sexual-risk behaviour for those aged 50 and over in the United States are highest and increasing in Florida, where many Canadian "snowbirds" winter. This pilot study examined the sexual-risk behaviour and predictors of HIV testing in a convenience sample of Canadian snowbirds who winter in Florida (n = 265). Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the odds of testing were increased for the unmarried, those aged 50-64, those who had talked to a doctor about sexual-risk behaviour since age 50, and those who agreed that sex was important in their lives. Dating males were more likely to test than non-dating males. Dating females were not more likely to test than non-dating females; and males who dated were 13.6 times more likely to test than females who dated. Further research will improve understanding of Canadian snowbirds' sexual interactions and HIV-testing behaviour.

The use of communities of practice (CoP) to support the application of knowledge in improved geriatric care practice is not widely understood. This case study’s aim was to gain a deeper understanding of the knowledge-to-action (KTA) processes of a CoP focused on environmental design, to improve how persons with dementia find their way around in long-term care (LTC) homes. Qualitative data were collected (key informant interviews, observations, and document review), and analysed using emergent coding. CoP members contributed extensive knowledge to the KTA process characterized by the following themes: team dynamics, employing a structured process, technology use, varied forms of knowledge, and a clear initiative. The study’s CoP effectively synthesized and translated knowledge into practical tools to inform changes in practice, programs, and policy on dementia care. More research is needed on how to involve patients and caregivers in the KTA processes, and to ensure that practical application of knowledge has financial and policy support