There are many applications using the small MIMO antenna structure for performance improvement. The Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Wi-Fi wireless modems are good example of the MIMO based modeling. Many coding techniques have been designed for enhancing the performance of the MIMO channels. This paper has presented the comprehensive study of the Coding techniques used for MIMO system specially using the Space Time Block Codes (STBC). Basically the coding techniques are used for improving the estimation of the MIMO Channel states information (CSI). Various design challenges of the channel estimation for wireless communication are addressed and problems are identified. The comparison of various SCBC based MIMO channel estimation methods have been tabulated based on the BER and MSE performances.