Objectives: Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infections (LUTIs) are the most common source of infection affecting women. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics has led to the development and use of novel therapies. This current meta-analysis and systematic review evaluate the use of single-dose Fosfomycin-Trometamol (FMT) versus alternative antimicrobial regimens in the management of uncomplicated LUTI. Methods: This is a systematic review. We included observational studies and Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). Studies that investigated the efficacy of fosfomycin or FMT in managing uncomplicated LUTIs in any age group or gender and compared the treatment to any alternative antibiotic regimen were considered eligible. Results: After a comprehensive review of the literature, nineteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All of the eligible studies (3779 patients) investigated showed no difference between the use of single-dose fosfomycin versus alternative antibiotic regimens for LUTI treatment (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 0.853-1.181; p = 0.967). The OR remained unchanged but became statistically significant when the random-effects model was used for sensitivity analysis (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.05-2.38; p = 0.04). Conclusion: The meta-analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between single-dose FMT and the commonly prescribed antibiotic regimens in LUTI treatment outcomes such as clinical improvement and microbial eradication.

Background: Resistance to antibiotics arising in Escherichia coli and Klebseilla species isolates may complicate therapeutic management of urinary tract infection(UTI) by this organism. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess antibiotic activity against UTI isolates of E.coli in Al- Najaf governorate. Methodology: A total of 81 mid-stream urine samples were collected of patient suspected of UTI and screened for the occurrence of E.coli. Result: Susceptibility of the isolates to antibiotics was test by standard methods. Highest rate of resistance (100%) was found to ampicillin and amoxicillin, while moderately resistant to cephalothin . Conclusion: The present study concluded that E.coli resistance to multiple antibiotic were recognized.