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In the literature, all the micromechanical fracture models used for predicting structural steel tensile responses and fracture are based on the ductile fracture mechanism that uses the Lode angle parameter to simulate shear fracture under low-stress triaxiality. Using the phenomenological shear fracture model that uses the shear stress ratio rather than the Lode angle parameter, this technical note presents the finite element predictions of the responses of S690 steel solid and perforated coupons under tension and of the fractures of TRIP (transformation-induced plasticity) 690 steel specimens under pure shear and combined shear and tension. The calibrated phenomenological shear fracture model parameters are obtained through a phenomenological curve-fitting process that does not involve costly laboratory tests. This technical note demonstrates that the phenomenological shear fracture model can accurately predict the responses and fracture of structural steels under tension, pure shear, and combined shear and tension.

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Carbon steel wires used for civil engineering applications may contain laminations. In the published literature, lamination was modelled as a separation between two faces with a finite distance. This technique is not suitable for modelling the line-type/crack-like laminations that may be present in the wires. In this paper, the effects of longitudinal line-type laminations on the tensile properties of carbon steel wires were investigated using Finite element (FE) analysis. Laminations were modelled as seams which truly simulate the line-type/crack-like laminations that have been reported to be instrumental to the failure of pre-stressing wires. FE analysis revealed that laminations do not significantly reduce the yield and ultimate loads of the wires. However, laminations cause a significant reduction in the displacement at fracture of the wires and the reduction is proportional to the length of the laminations. Consequently, the presence of laminations reduces the ductility of the wires, which reduces the ability of the wires to withstand overload the wires may experience in service without causing a catastrophic failure of structures where wires provide the required reinforcement.