Abstract:We report the first experimental demonstration of a TEpolarization photonic band gap (PBG) in a 2D isotropic hyperuniform disordered solid (HUDS) made of dielectric media with a dielectric index contrast of 1.6:1, very low for PBG formation. The solid is composed of a connected network of dielectric walls enclosing air-filled cells. Direct comparison with photonic crystals and quasicrystals permitted us to investigate band-gap properties as a function of increasing rotational isotropy. We present results from numerical simulations proving that the PBG observed experimentally for HUDS at low index contrast has zero density of states. The PBG is associated with the energy difference between complementary resonant modes above and below the gap, with the field predominantly concentrated in the air or in the dielectric. The intrinsic isotropy of HUDS may offer unprecedented flexibilities and freedom in applications (i. e. defect architecture design) not limited by crystalline symmetries. 10970-10973 (1988). 27. M. Florescu, P. J. Steinhardt, and S. Torquato, "Optical cavities and waveguides in hyperuniform disordered photonic solids," Phys.

A generalization of the Wilson loop area-law criterion is proposed, which is applicable to gauge theories with matter in the fundamental representation of the gauge group. This new criterion, like the area law, is stronger than the statement that asymptotic particle states are massive color singlets, which holds even for theories described by the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism. II. SEPARATION OF CHARGE CONFINEMENTA. S c -confinement, pure gauge theories Consider a rectangular R × T Wilson loop in Euclidean spacetime. The Wilson loop area law criterion can be reformulated in the following way. Begin with a state at Euclidean remnant symmetries associated with different choices of gauge fixing break in different places in the phase diagram [4], which makes such proposals appear rather arbitrary and gauge-dependent.

Providing a full theoretical description of the single-particle spectral function observed for high-temperature superconductors in the normal state is an important goal, yet unrealized. Here, we present a phenomenological model approaching towards this goal. The model results from implementing key phenomenological improvement in the so-called extremely correlated Fermi-liquid model. The model successfully describes the dichotomy of the spectral function as functions of momentum and energy and fits data for different materials (Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ and La2-xSrxCuO4), with an identical set of intrinsic parameters. The current analysis goes well beyond the prevalent analysis of the spectral function as a function of momentum alone.

We propose that the Higgs phase of a gauge Higgs theory is the phase of spontaneously broken custodial symmetry, and present a new gauge invariant order parameter for custodial symmetry breaking which is very closely analogous to the Edwards-Anderson order parameter for spin glasses. Custodial symmetry is a global symmetry acting on the Higgs field alone, and we show here that the spin glass transition in gauge Higgs theories, from a QCD-like phase to a Higgs phase of broken custodial symmetry, coincides with the transition between two distinct types of confinement. These are color confinement in the Higgs phase, and a stronger version of confinement, which we have termed "separation-of-charge" confinement, in the QCD-like phase.

In SUðNÞ gauge-Higgs theories, with a single Higgs field in the fundamental representation, there exists in addition to the local gauge symmetry a global SU(2) symmetry, at N ¼ 2, and a global U(1) symmetry, for N ≠ 2. We construct a gauge-invariant order parameter for the breaking of these global symmetries in the Higgs sector and calculate numerically the transition lines, in coupling-constant space, for SU(2) and SU(3) gauge theories with unimodular Higgs fields. The order parameter is nonlocal, and, therefore, its nonanalyticity does not violate the theorem proved by Osterwalder and Seiler. We then show that there exists a transition, in gauge-Higgs theories, between two types of confinement: ordinary color neutrality in the Higgs region and a stronger condition, which we have called "separation-of-charge confinement", in the confinement region. We conjecture that the symmetry-breaking transition coincides with the transition between these two physically different types of confinement.