Eugenol, isoeugenol, caŠeic acid, ferulic acid, isoferulic acid, estragole, trans-anethole, and paeonol are components of a Chinese herbal medicine used as a painkiller and stomachic. We investigated the potential role of these compounds as antioxidants. We studied the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging eŠect of these molecules, together with some glycoside derivatives, to ascertain their potential in reducing the levels of activated oxygen species in vivo. The DPPH radical-scavenging eŠects of eugenol, isoeugenol, and the glycoside derivatives of caŠeic acid, ferulic acid, and isoferulic acid (SC 50 ＝8-28 mM) were similar to those of a-tocopherol, which was used as a positive control.

A series of S-furfuryl thiocarboxlates were synthesized and their physiological activity was examined. The thioesters examined in this study (1D-16D) were prepared either from the corresponding aldehydes (6A-8A, 14A, and 15A), nitriles (4B and 5B), or from carboxylic acids (1C-3C, 9C-13C, and 16C) by condensing carboxylic acid intermediates (1C-16C) with furfuryl mercaptan which is known as a component of coffee fragrance. Carboxylic acid derivatives were condensed with furfuryl mercaptan from Rubiaceae Coffee arabica to obtain thioester 1D-16D in 52-92% yield. The physiologcal activity of products 1D-16D toward Tyrophagus putrescentiae (T. p.), Dermatophagoides farinae (D.f.), Ornithonyssus bacoti (OA), and Culex pipiens pallens (C.p.p.) were measured. Products 1D-6D, 8D, and 12D had higher miticidal activity than N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) for T.p. and D.f.

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Pollution caused by the chlorofluorohydrocarbons used in freezers and air conditioners has recently contributed to the destruction of the ozone increasing our exposure to ultraviolet rays. Moreover, it has been found that excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays causes serious problems such as carcinogenesis, inflammation, and photo-aging (1). The investigation of natural products for use in anti-aging cosmetics has increased in anticipation of their effectiveness and safety. We previously reported that 6-[(8Z)-8-pentadecenyl] salicylic acid [1] (Anacardic acid monoene) and 6-[(8Z, 11Z)-8, 11, 14-pentadecatrienyl] salicylic acid (Anacardic acid triene) could be isolated from cashew nut shell oil and that their derivatives showed strong tyrosinase inhibitory properties (2). In this report, we synthesized derivatives from compound [1] by a variety of methods, and examined them for their antimicrobial and antimycotic activities and their inhibition of tyrosinase activity. We found that compounds with hydroxy groups on the carbon fifteen