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ABSTRACT-Mass mortality of carp Cyprinus carpio caused by koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD) occurred in seven rivers of Kanagawa Prefecture in 2004. Mortalities of KHVD peaked in May in four of the rivers (early outbreak group) and peaked in June in the other three rivers (late outbreak group). KHVD was first recognized at 15.5-18.5°C in the early outbreak group, and at 18.6-21.2°C in the late outbreak group. The temperature exceeded 15°C, which corresponds to the lowest temperature of the viral growth in cell culture.

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Live spear squid and Japanese common squid were sedated in seawater containing 20 mM MgSO 4 (Mg SW).For sedation, seawater temperature was slowly reduced from 15 to 7°C with ice bags. After sedation, live spear squid and Japanese common squid were individually accommodated in a highly gas impermeable plastic bag with 0.6 and 1.0 L of Mg SW, respectively, and the bags wereˆlled with oxygen and sealed tightly. They were transported at 5°C taking about 27 h by truck. For comparison, samples quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen and instantly killed samples were also transported at -20°C and 5°C, respectively. Changes in various components were measured. Arginine phosphate and ATP contents decreased greatly by transportation in sedated Japanese common squid. There was no clear diŠerence in sensory scores between sedated and chilled Japanese common squid.However, arginine phosphate and ATP contents did not decrease by transportation for spear squid. The mantle muscles of sedated spear squid were more transparent and had a more favorable texture than chilled or frozen samples.