The intelligence of connected and autonomous vehicle (CAV) is insufficient to deal with the complex road conditions. However, the application of exclusive lanes bypasses the long wait for the technology to mature. Prior to the maturity of intelligent transport systems (ITSs), it's a feasible solution in terms of technology and cost to set up exclusive lanes. In this way, CAVs will form an efficient and energy-saving autonomous fleet. An improved cellular automata model is used to study the effect of setting up exclusive lanes for CAVs on traffic flow throughput and stability on the freeway. A multi-lane freeway, equipped with intelligent sensors and road signs, is set up and three stages are designed according to the development degree of CAVs. This paper introduces two kinds of significant data by simulation: heterogeneous traffic flow and the degradation rate of CAV. They verify that setting up exclusive lanes for CAV will greatly improve the traffic condition of the freeway on the different penetration rates of CAV. Although the establishment of exclusive lanes can only slightly improve the traffic capacity, it can effectively inhibit the degradation of CAV within the range of CAV's penetration rates from 10% to 80%.INDEX TERMS Connected and autonomous vehicles, exclusive lanes, cellular automaton, freeway.

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We analyze the statistical properties of the urban public bus networks of two cities (Beijing and Chengdu) in China. To this end, we present a comprehensive survey of the degree distribution, average path length, and clustering of both networks. It is shown that both networks exhibit small world behavior and are hierarchically organized. We also discuss the differences between the statistical properties displayed by the two networks. In addition, we propose a weight distribution approach to study the passenger flow through the public bus networks we considered. A hierarchical structure is observed here also. public transport network, complex network, power-law distribution, small-world Citation:Ma K, Wang Z W, Jiang J, et al. Power law and small world properties in a comparison of traffic city networks.