Progressive resistance exercise can produce substantial increases in muscle strength and in power standardized for body weight in healthy, very old women. However, isolated increases in strength and LEP/kg may confer only limited functional benefit in healthy, independent, very old women.

progressive aerobic training can increase the maximal aerobic power of very elderly women. A 15% increase in VO(2)max may prevent many elderly women from crossing functionally important thresholds, thereby helping to maintain independence.

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Objective-To investigate the response ofthe transplanted heart to different pacing modes and to synchronisation of the recipient and donor atria in terms of cardiac output at rest.Design-Doppler derived cardiac output measurements at three pacing rates (90/min, 110/min and 130/min) in five pacing modes: right ventricular pacing, donor atrial pacing, recipient-donor synchronous pacing, donor atrial-ventricular sequential pacing, and synchronous recipient-donor atrial-ventricular sequential pacing.Patients-l1 healthy cardiac transplant recipients with three pairs of epicardial leads inserted at transplantation.Results-Donor atrial pacing (+11% overall) and donor atrial-ventricular sequential pacing (+ 8% overall) were significantly better than right ventricular pacing (p < 0-001) at all pacing rates.

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