Highlights: • Provide the first set of comprehensive experimental data for wave-induced pore pressure around a partially backfilled pipeline in a trench layer. • Systematically investigate the effect of wave characteristics on transient pore-water response in the trench layer near the partial-buried pipeline. • Integrally examine the effect of trench depth and backfill thickness on oscillatory porewater pressure around the partial-embedded pipeline.

Background: The limitations associated with antipsychotics in early-onset schizophrenia patients have stimulated more interest in psychological interventions in this population. Nevertheless, the isolated psychosocial interventions are unrealistic in a treatment success covering the complex array of symptoms, and the psychosocial interventions could be an adjunct treatment to the pharmacological treatment. It is necessary to find the benefits of psychological interventions with limited and targeted use of antipsychotics. Social cognition and interaction training (SCIT) was a program for social cognitive rehabilitation in adult schizophrenia. However, it is unclear how generalizable this is to early-onset patients. Methods: The current study tested this hypothesis that combined SCIT and paliperidone was superior to paliperidone alone in treating early-onset schizophrenia patients on cognitive, functional, and symptom outcomes. Two hundred eight inpatients with schizophrenia aged 13 to 17 years old participated in a 24-week work intervention program. Patients completed a battery of measures administered at a pre-SCIT intervention baseline, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks post-SCIT, respectively. Results: SCIT had significant added benefits above paliperidone for the speed of processing, attention/vigilance, and social cognition of the Chinese version of MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB) domains (p<0.05). The following logistic regression analysis on the exploration of the influential factors also confirmed the effects of SCIT. However, combined SCIT and paliperidone intervention had a null impact on social functioning and symptomatology. Conclusions: The present study provides the first evidence that combined SCIT and paliperidone intervention has the potential to improve cognitive functions for the early-onset schizophrenia patients. The findings in the current study are suggestive of the extreme importance of SCIT as an adjunctive treatment in early-onset schizophrenia patients.

The research for gas–liquid two-phase flow is very important for flow assurance and flow stability of chemical transportation. In terms of transportation pipelines, the curved section is a very significant part. Therefore, the present work proposes a transient slug flow model for the curve pipes, and we conducted some experiments to validate it. This slug flow model is a four-equation model that contains mass and momentum balances with the closure relations. The normal two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is simplified to the one-dimensional polar coordinate system, which will make the simulation faster and easier. The common flow parameters, such as the pressure profile along the pipeline, real-time pressure, and liquid holdup, are calculated in this model. Three groups of experiments with three different pipe curvatures were carried out to validate this model; the experiments were under the same conditions as those of the model calculations. The transient pressure and liquid holdup were measured at the middle of the curved pipe. The experimental data are compared to the calculated results, and there are error analyses of pressure and liquid holdup that are made to review the model’s performance. The analyses show that a large proportion of the pressure errors is within 10%, and most of the liquid holdup errors are within 0.1. The comparisons between the model and experiments show good agreement.

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