In order to make strategic, tactical and operational decisions for the shortest path in an uncertain environment. Firstly, the information transmission time expectation-variance shortest path model in uncertain environment is proposed. Secondly, to avoid the interruption of information transmission caused by sudden situations, a fuzzy shortest path critical edge model is established. Then, an improved ant colony algorithm with traffic congestion factor and random variables is developed. Finally, to assess the performance of Improved ant colony algorithm, experiments on a set of 6 benchmark test functions are conducted, and numerical examples of these models are given to illustrate its effectiveness. INDEX TERMS Uncertain environment, shortest path problem, critical edge model, algorithm, benchmark test functions, numerical examples.