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Nanostructure lithium rich manganese based cathode materials are successfully synthesized and treated by post molten salt treatment method to optimize their electrochemical performance. The molten salt treatment process has a great influence on the microstructure, cycle performance, rate capacity and high temperature electrochemical performance of the resulted cathode materials Li 1+x (Ni 0.15 Co 0.15 Mn 0.70 )O 2.275+x/2 (0.6 ≤ x ≤ 0.9). The sample after 4 hours of molten salt treatment displayed the highest crystallinity, best cycling performance and rate capacity. Li 1.6 (Ni 0.15 Co 0.15 Mn 0.70 )O 2.575 cathode materials treated in LiCl molten salt at 750 • C for 4 hours displayed 218.8 mAhg −1 discharge capacity after 40 cycles in voltage range 2.5 ∼ 4.8 V at 25 • C, which is 36.2% higher than pristine sample. The capacity retention for Li 1.6 (Ni 0.15 Co 0.15 Mn 0.70 )O 2.575 cathode is also improved by the molten salt treatment process, which is 6.6% higher than the pristine sample.