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ObjectiveTo compare demographics and disease characteristics in dogs in which peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) had been diagnosed and report outcomes after surgical treatment (ST) or conservative treatment (CT).Study designRetrospective study.Sample populationOne hundred twenty‐eight dogs (91 ST, 37 CT) in which PPDH had been diagnosed.MethodsMedical records were reviewed for demographics, perioperative findings, and outcomes. Follow‐up was obtained via telephone interview and email correspondence with owners and referring veterinarians. Baseline variables were compared between treatment groups.ResultsDogs treated surgically were younger (P < .001), more likely to be sexually intact (P = .002), more likely to have clinical signs from PPDH vs an incidental diagnosis (P < .001), and more likely to have other congenital abnormalities (P = .003) compared with dogs treated conservatively. Ninety‐seven percent of ST dogs were discharged from hospitals. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were reported in 22% and 41% of dogs, respectively, although most complications were classified as low grade (75% and 83%, respectively). Follow‐up was available in 87 dogs, at a median of 1062 days. Hernia recurrence was not reported in any surgically treated dog. The deaths of nine dogs (five ST, four CT) could be attributed to PPDH, and long median survival times were observed in both the ST and CT groups (8.2 and 5 years, respectively).ConclusionPreoperative characteristics differed between dogs treated conservatively vs surgically. Surgical treatment was associated with low operative mortality, and both ST and CT dogs had good long‐term survival.Clinical significanceA diagnosis of PPDH can confer a good long‐term prognosis for both ST and CT dogs.

BackgroundThe metastatic spread of feline lymphoma to the peritoneum (“lymphomatosis”) has been rarely reported in the literature. The sonographic features specific to this rare disease manifestation have not been described and have important treatment and prognostic considerations prompting definitive diagnosis.ObjectivesTo describe the ultrasonic features of feline peritoneal lymphomatosis.AnimalsFour cats with alimentary lymphoma and peritoneal metastasis confirmed using cytology, histology, or both.ResultsThe sonographic features described include either a nonobstructive, focally diffuse, and circumferential intestinal mass, or an eccentric, focally diffuse, gastric mass. The intestinal and gastric lesions exhibited hypo‐to‐anechoic transmural wall thickening with loss of wall layering in association with discrete‐to‐coalescing plaques or sheets of thickened, hypoechoic tissue throughout the mesentery or omenta. All cases exhibited only small volumes of anechoic free peritoneal fluid. Three of the 4 cats also had multiple small hypoechoic nodular foci on the parietal and/or visceral peritoneal surfaces. Two cats had bilateral renomegaly because of lymphoma invasion (2/4) and 1 cat had local lymphadenopathy secondary to lymphoma invasion (1/4).Conclusions and Clinical ImportancePeritoneal lymphomatosis is a rare manifestation of lymphoma metastasis and to date appears to be associated specifically with B‐cell alimentary lymphoma.

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