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ObjectiveTo investigate the suitable combination ratio of low-residue diet (LRD) and parenteral nutrition (PN) for nutritional support of surgical patients. Summary Background DataBacterial translocation (BT) is a severe complication of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). However, it is sometimes impossible to supply sufficient amounts of nutrients to surgical patients by the enteral route. The authors reported previously that concomitant use of LRD with PN provided preferable nutritional support for patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. MethodsNinety male Donryu rats were used for three experiments. In experiment 1, rats were divided into two groups to receive TPN or total enteral nutrition with LRD. In experiment 2, rats were divided into six groups, receiving variable amounts of LRD. In experiment 3, rats were divided into five groups to receive isocaloric nutritional support with variable proportions of PN and LRD. Intestinal permeability was assessed by monitoring urinary excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein. BT was assessed in tissue cultures of mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen. ResultsIn experiment 1, increases in intestinal permeability and BT were observed in rats maintained on 7-day TPN, but not in those maintained on total enteral nutrition for up to 14 days. In experiment 2, the changes in body weight of rats were correlated with the dose of LRD. However, the intestinal permeability was increased only in rats receiving LRD at 15 kcal/kg per day. In experiment 3, additive LRD corresponding to 15% of total caloric intake prevented increases in intestinal permeability and BT. ConclusionCombined nutritional therapy consisting of PN and small amounts of LRD can provide better nutritional support than TPN for surgical patients.

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Metastases to the pancreas in lung cancer patients are not so rare and radiologists first have an important role to detect the pancreatic mass and then suggest to metastasis as the likely diagnosis. For this purpose, FDG-PET/CT has an advantage in depicting unsuspected pancreatic metastasis from lung cancer, particularly that which is not detected by CT alone.

A patient showing abnormal fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake due to disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection is presented. Increased focal FDG uptake was demonstrated in the cervical and supraclavicular lymph nodes, spleen, and diffuse bone marrow. FDG PET/CT is considered as a useful diagnostic tool to assess the exact extent and activity of disseminated MAC infection. Moreover, it is advantageous over CT and magnetic resonance imaging to assess the treatment response and time course of the disease.