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This study aimed to analyze how resource variables (health status, economic affordability, social network, social capital, and neighborhood environment) influence citizens’ intention to pay for and participate in disaster management and safety activities. We compared four psychometric paradigm variables with five resource variables and analyzed how the latter moderate the relationships of the perception variables with intention to pay and to participate. A regression analysis revealed that willingness to pay was mainly explained by trust, followed by social capital, economic affordability, perceived risk, and experience, respectively. Participation was explained by knowledge, social capital, age, trust, and social network, respectively. Gender, trust, and social capital had an influence both on willingness to pay and to participate. Perceived risk, knowledge, and trust had a moderating effect on willingness to pay, but this effect depended on the quality of the neighborhood environment. Trust, knowledge, and stigma had a moderating effect on participation intention, but this effect depended on social capital and the neighborhood environment.

Japan, as a 'super-aged' society, is at the forefront of the socioeconomic change resulting from the unprecedented demographic shift of aging societies, and is an exemplar for other countries. Within neurodegenerative disorders, a deeper understanding of the issues faced by aging societies, and their ramifications on the mental well being and cognitive health of older adults, is important. Japan's pioneering approaches in assistive technology and 'gerontotechnology' have the potential to enhance the field of dementia in terms of assessment, diagnosis and care. This article is a narrative review of the issue of aging and dementia in Japan by discussing demographics, implications of a 'super-aged' society, challenges and potential solutions to the growing issue of dementia in the world's most aged nation.

It has been determined that two-way evacuation routes that connect houses to evacuation