Fabric slipperiness is an important property whose impacts include clothing comfort, sports records and the medical or safety performance of anti-slip or slippery textile products. The characteristics of fabric slipperiness have been studied under limited conditions and with samples with regard to the fabric component. In this study, the MIU (average value of the friction coefficient), which is correlated with the slipperiness or non-slipperiness of fabrics, and MMD (fluctuations of the average frictional coefficient), which is correlated with the smoothness or roughness, were measured for more than 50 versatile fabrics by using the friction tester, KES-SE. As a result, it was found that the friction coefficient was mainly determined by the linearity of weave texture, the fuzziness of the fabric and the real contact area between fabrics and rubbed materials, which are proposed as new factors of fabric slipperiness; this approach contrasts with the past approach, which mainly relied on the fabric structure. The relation between MIU and each factor was not analyzed separately but instead analyzed from a new comprehensive and statistical point of view. This approach made it possible to obtain the practical contribution ratio of these factors for application in the design of new slippery or anti-slip textiles that are useful for our lives. On the other hand, the smoothness had nothing to do with those factors, rather, it was related to the three-foundation weave texture of the fabrics.

Colour fastness to rubbing is evaluated by the degree of staining of a standard adjacent cotton cloth. However, some kinds of dye usually stain other textiles to a greater extent than cotton under wet conditions. In this work, rubbing fastness tests were carried out with various kinds of adjacent cloth in order to examine the factors affecting the wet rubbing fastness, and a more practical evaluation method using adjacent rubbing cloth was proposed. Dye transfer from the dyed fabric to the adjacent cloth depended on the affinity of the dyes for the fibre material of the dyed fabric and the adjacent cloth under wet conditions, in addition to the friction coefficient between the fabrics. A standard adjacent cloth should have a high staining property. The nylon staple cloth is preferred for fabrics dyed with vat, disperse, and acid dyes because it receives the most dye from rubbing with them.

The rubbing-off of dye from fabrics was investigated from a kinetic viewpoint using various white cloths under weights of 2-6 N. The natural logarithm of the rate constant of dye transfer from dyed fabric to white cloths and that of the equilibrium constant were linearly related to the reciprocal of the rubbing force, which was given by the product of the weight and the friction coefficient between the dyed fabric and white cloth. Two straight lines were obtained, in spite of the variety of white cloths used, and they converged in the low rubbing force range. The results show that the dry rubbing fastness with various white cloths is primarily influenced by the friction coefficient and rubbing force rather than by the types of textile fibre or fabric.

The effects of different dyes on the yield stress of nylon filaments have been studied, and inferences have then been made attributing the observed effects to the operations of different molecular forces in different instances ( e.g. ionic interactions, nonpolar van dcr Waal's forces, and hydrogen honds). Several acid and disperse azo dyes were selected together with those anthraquinone dyes with similar parent chemical structure. They were applied to drawn nylon monofilaments. The stress-strain curves of dyed and undyed filaments were measured, and their yield-strcss values were obtained. Acid dyes attached to amine ends or amide groups of nylon by ionic interactions made the yield-stress increase, whereas disperse dyes attached by hydrogen bonds, dispersion forces; and dipole-dipole forces had little effect on it. It should be noted that the resistance to bond-rotation of amide groups of nylon is stronger when acid dyes are adsorbed. In this work, acid azo dye had a little more effect than acid anthraquinone dye.

The colour difference of reactive dyed fabrics with several soaping agents and the colour change of them after washing were investigated by means of U, a', b' uniform colour scale, from the viewpoint of Fluorescent Brightning Agents (FBA) effect. In conclusion, little colour difference was observed between dyed fabrics in the case of soaping by nonionic surfactant, higher alcoholic neutral detergent or soap and the blank soaped ones, while with sodium carbonate it was observed fairly well in the range of medium to some extent deep depth. FBA built detergent induced the colour change of light colour fabrics. In this paper, I proposed the quantitative method and the criterions using the critical lightness Lc' and the constant K in order to estimate the effect of FBA built deter gent on colour change. The Lc' value changed with the hue and the constant K did with the hue or with the washing method during washing. The colour change could not be observed after washing when fabrics were soaped by FBA built detergent.