Five striking and prey capture events of two goblin sharks were videotaped at sea for the first time, showing their extraordinary biting process. The goblin sharks swung their lower jaw downward and backward to attain a huge gape and then rapidly protruded the jaws forward a considerable distance. The jaws were projected at a maximum velocity of 3.1 m/s to 8.6–9.4% of the total length of the shark, which is by far the fastest and greatest jaw protrusion among sharks. While the jaws were being retracted, the mouth opened and closed again, which was considered a novel feeding event for sharks. Phylogenetic evidence suggested that their feeding behavior has evolved as an adaptation to food-poor deep-sea environments, possibly as a trade-off for the loss of strong swimming ability.

Endometrial cancer in transgender men is rare, and its histopathologic features remain unknown. A 30-yr-old transgender man with an intrauterine tumor, an ovarian mass, and a 2-yr history of testosterone use was referred to us for treatment. The presence of the tumors was confirmed via imaging, and the intrauterine tumor was identified as an endometrial endometrioid carcinoma via endometrial biopsy. The patient underwent hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, and lymph node dissection. Pathologic examination revealed grade 3 endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, and the synchronous endometrial and ovarian tumors were collectively characterized as primary endometrial carcinoma. Metastatic carcinomas were discovered in both ovaries and the omentum, pelvic peritoneum, and a para-aortic lymph node. On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells diffusely expressed p53, retained expression of PTEN, ARID1A, PMS2, and MSH6, and focally expressed estrogen receptors, androgen receptors, and NKX3.1. NKX3.1 was also expressed in glandular structures within the exocervical squamous epithelium. Prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase were focally positive. In conclusion, we describe a transgender man with NKX3.1-expressing endometrioid endometrial carcinoma who provides valuable suggestions regarding the effects of testosterone on endometrial cancer and appropriate gynecological care for transgender men.

We encountered two cases of infection with large female nematodes of the genus Philometra Costa, 1845 in the body cavity of a map puffer Arothron mappa (Lesson) caught off Okinawa, Japan, and a blackspotted puffer Arothron nigropunctatus (Bloch et Schneider) caught off Queensland, Australia, both reared in aquariums in Japan. No morphological difference was observed between the nematodes from A. mappa and A. nigropunctatus. We identified the nematodes as Philometra pellucida (Jägerskiöld, 1893) based on their morphology. The sequences of the nematodes from both hosts were identical to each other (1,643 bp) and formed a clade with other 17 nematodes belonging to the genera Philometra and Philometroides Yamaguti, 1935 with high bootstrap value (bp = 100). It is the first time that the genetic data on P. pellucida are provided. Philometra robusta Moravec, Möller et Heeger, 1992 is synonymised with the former species.

Introduction: Multiple ectopic gestations are extremely rare. Multiple ectopic pregnancies occur less frequently than heterotopic gestations and may appear in a variety of locations and combinations. However, with the advent of assisted reproductive technologies (ART), the incidence appears to be rising. We encountered a case of simultaneous pregnancies in the cervix and the left fallopian tube after ART.Case: Though the serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) value of a 39-year-old female with two transferred embryos was 9,687 mIU/mL at 5 2/7 weeks of pregnancy, ultrasonography showed no gestational sac in her uterus.Three days later, when the serum hCG level reached 13,499 mIU/mL, ultrasonography revealed cysts in both the cervix and the left adnexa. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed simultaneous pregnancies in the cervix and the left fallopian tube. First, laparoscopic salpingectomy was performed for the left tubal pregnancy. The next day, the gestational sac in the cervix was expelled spontaneously with little blood loss. Villi were found pathologically in both the excised left fallopian tube and the tissue excreted from the cervix. Conclusion:For multiple ectopic pregnancies at different sites that are difficult to treat at the same time, we propose promptly carrying out the treatment that can be reliably completed with a small physical burden on the patient. This facilitates the planning of the therapeutic strategy for the remaining ectopic pregnancy.

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