The radial integrals, j(L), where L = 0, 2, 4, for several electronic configurations in the 5d electrons of transition metal atoms and ions are calculated using radial wavefunctions from the pseudo-relativistic Hartree-Fock method in the Cowan program. The resultant values are fitted to Gaussian analytical expressions with four exponential terms, and the fitted coefficients are tabulated. This table can be used to interpret the magnetic form factor measurements for 5d transition metals.

The avian song system consists of two main parts: the descending motor pathway and the anterior forebrain (AF) pathway. The former directly controls the motor act of singing, but the role of the AF pathway in real-time song production is not understood; lesioning a nucleus in the AF pathway in adult zebra finches did not cause any notable effects. Here we show that in a related species of songbirds, the Bengalese finch, a partial lesion located in Area X, a nucleus of the avian basal ganglia that is part of the AF pathway, causes a transient but substantial song motor deficit. This is the first demonstration that the AF pathway is involved in real-time song production in adulthood.

We investigated the Li storage properties of spindle single-crystalline rutile TiO 2 fine particles synthesized by a large-scale sulfate process. Their anode properties were compared with those of polycrystalline rutile TiO 2 particles. An increase in the degree of single-crystal formation improved the charge−discharge capacity and initial Coulombic efficiency. In situ X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic observation demonstrated the structural integrity of the spindle particles during the charge−discharge reactions. These results concluded that the degree is a critical parameter determining the anode performance of rutile TiO 2 . The anode performance was further enhanced by doping Nb into the spindle TiO 2 particles. These findings suggest that singlecrystalline rutile TiO 2 particles are very promising low-cost and high-performance Li storage materials.

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