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When buildings undergo seismic retrofitting, reinforcing members are connected to existing members by roughening the concrete surfaces and installing new anchors. In the Japanese guidelines pertaining to the seismic retrofitting of structures, no standards are provided for concrete roughening. Therefore, we conducted shear loading tests and measurements of the roughened surfaces were taken. Then, mechanical models of the roughened concrete surfaces were developed based on a constitutive law for cracked concrete surfaces. Using the results, a model is proposed from which shear stress-shear displacement relations as well as normal stress-shear displacement relations can be reasonably estimated.

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