As a result of the process of incorporation following the Further and Higher Education Act of 1992, Cityshire College, a large further education college left the jurisdiction of the local authority and gained greater responsibility for managing its own affairs. Arising from a case study based on interviews and questionnaires the paper considers the impact of changes within the College which took place between 1991 and 1994. Of particular interest is the development of a "new managerialism", a management style which spread throughout public sector organisations during the 1980s. The evidence from the lecturer questionnaire suggests that staff reject the values represented by this development and are opposed to the threat they perceive to the professional culture of further education. In considering new modes of learning, notions of quality in education and the intrusion of the market into the college, the deprofessionalisation and, indeed, "proletarianisation" of the FE lecturer is suggested as a possible outcome.

Currently the``creative industries'', especially the British film industry, are receiving much popular attention. The aim of this paper is to present a description and evaluation of employment in the film industry, and through doing so to challenge dominant populist and academic analyses of employment in this sector, as exemplified by the Labour government and a number of British and American academic commentators. These analyses are both premised on the apparent occurrence of an epoch breaking change in society, the balance of economic activity in society and the organisation of work. However, trends in employment practice over recent years, it would appear from the survey evidence and from other sources presented here, have not improved in the manner they could be expected to if such fundamental epochal change had occurred. Rather the data presented here point to much continuity in the employment relationship between capital and labour.

Keith Rangle and Norman Brady, 'Further Education and the New Managerialism', Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 21 (2): 229-239, June 1997, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0309877970210208As a result of the process of incorporation following the Further and Higher Education Act (1992), Cityshire College, a large further education (FE) college, left the jurisdiction of the local authority and gained greater responsibility for managing its own affairs. Arising from a case study based on interviews and questionnaires this paper considers the impact of changes within the College which took place between 1991 and 1994. Of particular interest is the development of a ???new managerialism???, a management style which the paper identifies as having spread throughout public sector organizations during the 1980s. This paper goes on to consider the way in which quality procedures, the introduction of a technology associated with flexible learning and the introduction of market???related mechanisms have had an impact on professional control. The evidence from a lecturer questionnaire circulated at Cityshire suggests that staff reject the values represented by these developments and are opposed to the threat they perceive to the professional culture of FE. The outcome of the various processes currently taking place at Cityshire and across the sector as a whole suggest that the deprofessionalization and, indeed, the ???proletarianization??? of the FE lecturer may be taking place

This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent AbstractThis paper looks at the predominance of freelancing in the film and television industries as a lens to examine the persistence of gender inequalities within these fields. Previous research has indicated that women fare better in larger organisations with more stable patterns of employment, and in this paper we explore why that might be the case, by focusing on the experiences of female freelancers at a moment when project-based, precarious work and informal recruitment practices are increasing in the UK film and television sector. We highlight in particular the ways in which gender inequality is mediated by age and parental status, and the impact of intersectional identities on women's ability to sustain a career in film and television.

The final, definitive version of this paper has been published in Work, employment and society, Vol. 29(4), October 2014, published by SAGE Publishing, All rights reserved. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017014542498 ?? 2014, ?? The Author(s) 2014.The social composition of the workforce of the UK film and television industries does not reflect the diversity of the population and the industries have been described as white, male and middle class. While the lack of specific demographic representation in employment (for example gender or ethnicity) has been highlighted by both industry and academic commentators, its broader social composition has rarely been addressed by research. This article draws on the work of Bourdieu, particularly the concepts of field, habitus and capitals, to explore perceptions of the barriers to entry into these industries and the way in which individuals negotiate these by drawing on the various capitals to which they have access