Multiple sexual partnerships, many of which are probably concurrent, are not uncommon among sexually active people living with HIV in Botswana. HIV prevention is needed for all individuals who are at risk and assistance should be provided to HIV infected people who continue to practise unprotected sex with uninfected partners or partners of unknown HIV status.

The existence of gender-based violence has been a source of concern within the public and private sectors as well as civil society organisations in Botswana. The present study investigated the link between alcohol abuse, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS. Further, it attempted to unravel the often unquestioned assumption that gender-based violence is perpetuated by cultural practices. Case study qualitative methodology was used to gather data for the study. A sample of 20 cases was selected purposively from five women's non-governmental organisations. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with agency coordinators, social workers, police commanders and police officers. The findings of the study revealed a relationship between alcohol abuse and gender-based violence, which makes victims vulnerable to HIV infection. From the findings, it is recommended that gender-based programmes be established to sensitise people about the link between alcohol abuse, gender-based violence and HIV/AIDS.

Colonial processes continue to dominate many indigenous peoples' development programmes in countries around the world. This paper examines some of the underlying factors that contribute to continued failure in the implementation of the Remote Area Development Programme (RADP) in Botswana. It argues that the problem is not just failed implementation, but a more fundamental problem found in its philosophy, which suggests relentless colonialism. This paper is based on the empirical findings of a recent study in one Basarwa settlement in Botswana and draws on the practical experience of the author. Case examples from this study are used to unravel and illustrate embedded colonial practices of the RADP. Recommendations from the findings argue for the development of a ' decolonising approach to development practice ' that may respond effectively to problems that resulted from relentless colonialism.

Botswana launched a Public Works Programme (PWP) – commonly known as Ipelegeng (IP) in 2008 as one, among a myriad of initiatives meant to reduce poverty for sustainable development in marginalized contexts. Research shows that well designed and properly implemented (PWPs) have potential to reduce poverty among the poor by creating the much needed employment opportunities and other forms of sustainable livelihood. This paper assesses the contribution of Ipelegeng towards poverty reduction in Botswana. A nationwide review of Ipelegeng was conducted in 2012. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted at 23 research sites followed by a detailed analysis of data collected. Evidence based on both empirical and documentary analysis suggests that although Ipelegeng has made some contribution to poverty reduction, its successes are far outweighed by its failures. Poor programme designs and flawed implementation has been blamed for Ipelegeng failure to deliver on set objectives. This paper concludes by asserting the need for the development of robust Ipelegeng designs and implementation tools that will ensure the realisation of sustained poverty reduction outcomes.

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