A t the casualty department.. in Scandinavia, 7-10% of the injuries are ankle sprains. This injury is the most common injury in sports (13,20). Eightyfive percent of the sprains involve plantar flexion and supination. In 65% of the sprains, the injury is located only in the anterior talofibular ligament. With more violent inversion force, 20% also suffer damage to the calcaneofibular ligament. The calcaneofibular and the posterior talofibular ligaments are seldom r u p tured alone (14).Traditional sprains of the ankle have been classified into three grades. Grade 1 injury (mild) involves stretching of the ligament without macroscopic tearing, mild swelling, or tenderness, and no mechanical instability of the joint. Grade 2 injury (moderate) involves a macroscopic tear of the ligament with moderate pain, swelling, and tenderness, but no instability of the joint. Grade 3 injury (severe) involves a complete rupture of the ligaments with severe swelling and tenderness (6,10,13

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The objective was to evaluate and compare the clinical and electrophysiological outcome of treatment in patients with ulnar neuropathy at the elbow in 32 consecutive patients who were studied prospectively. Based on the electrophysiological findings 15 patients were treated by surgical decompression and 17 were treated conservatively. Sensory and motor nerve conduction studies across and below the elbow were done in all patients before treatment and again after one year. Postoperatively 10/15 patients (67%) improved clinically and 12 patients (80%) had improved nerve conduction results. There was clinical and electrophysiological agreement in eight patients in the surgically-treated group, all of whom improved both clinically and electrophysiologically. In the conservatively-treated group six patients (35%) showed clinical improvement, 10 patients had no improvement, and one patient was worse. The nerve conduction studies improved in six patients (35%), were unchanged in eight patients, and worse in three. There was clinical and electrophysiological agreement in 11 patients. We conclude that the electrophysiological examination was valuable in deciding which patients to operate on, and that most of the patients improved clinically or electrophysiologically postoperatively.