The shortage of species that are resistant to biological deterioration has forced man to use less durable, mainly fast-growing, reforestations, such as some species of Eucalyptus and Pinus. These species have moderate or no resistance to the attack of biological agents and require condoms. The decomposition of wood and other cellulosic materials by fungi causes significant economic loss. Until recently, the most widely used wood preservative was chromium copper arsenate (CCA). However, the use of CCA in the treatment of wood has been banned for more than a decade because of issues raised regarding the environmental impact and safety of arsenic and chromium. As CCA replacements, arsenic-free and chrome-free wood preservatives are sought. Thus, the aim of research has been to develop environmentally correct and effective products against the attack of biodeteriorating agents. This article reviews the alternatives you have searched for. The search for alternatives to current condoms has been efficient, but not effective, that is, a viable alternative to existing products has not yet been found. Based on several studies, the demand for a preservative for wood can be divided into extractives of plants and by-products of processes.
Increased concern with environmental issues, the health of operators of condoms and the consumers of wood, and
O eucalipto é uma espécie das mais cultivadas no âmbito nacional, cuja madeira é amplamente utilizada na fabricação de móveis e outros produtos derivados. Entretanto, ela está sujeita a variações por conta de mudanças na umidade e outros fatores. Para minimizar tais variações, estudou-se alguns tratamentos de forma pouco agressiva ao meio ambiente. Assim, este trabalho analisou as propriedades físicas e químicas da madeira de clones híbridos de Eucalyptus urograndis, in natura e termicamente modificada nas temperaturas de 140, 160, 180, 200 e 220 °C, com 8,5 anos de idade, plantados em Buri-SP, Brasil. A caracterização física foi realizada segundo Brito, Garcia e Bortoletto (2006) e normas da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (1997), e a caracterização química segundo as normas Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (1999). Através de análises estatísticas de regressão fatorial com significância de 5%, o fator clone não causou interferência nas propriedades analisadas; a variação que ocorreu, foi por conta da temperatura utilizada; a hemicelulose foi a principal propriedade química afetada por conta da temperatura; os tratamentos mais interessantes foram os realizados até 180 °C, uma vez que não comprometeram muito as propriedades químicas da madeira e, consequentemente, não afetariam tanto suas propriedades físicas e mecânicas.
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