No abstract

Parents and relative caregivers of children with severe emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) often report high levels of strain associated with the care of that child.This study compares how parents and other relative caregivers, and different family caregiver groups, experience strain. Overall, we found that Medicaid caregivers ( n = 648) reported high levels of objective strain, whereas military caregivers ( n = 978) had high scores on the subjective internalized and externalized subscales of the Caregiver Strain Questionnaire (CGSQ). An exploratory common factor analysis showed that overall,the CGSQ performed similarly for the Medicaid and the military caregivers and was generally consistent with previous research showing three factors. However, among Medicaid caregivers, other relatives ( n = 109) reported two rather than one type of objective strain, and emotionally based items had lower correlations with the latent factor among other relatives as compared with parents ( n = 539).These findings suggest the need to tailor approaches to assisting different groups of caregivers in coping with their strain.

With the prevalence of kinship care increasing, it is critical to understand the role of caregiver strain among this population. This study focused on the strain experienced by relative caregivers as compared to parents who were caring for children with serious emotional disturbance (SED). Descriptive and multiple regression analyses demonstrated that both caregiver groups reported similar amounts of elevated strain, with the exception that parent caregivers of children with SED reported more subjective internalized strain than did other relative

Our purpose in the present study was to examine how two different sets of stressors, one representing the physical environment and the other representing the social environment, related to perceived stress among new mothers served by a health clinic in Khayelitsha, South Africa. We found that among the chronic urban poverty-environmental stressors related to water, housing, transportation, toileting, and lack of food, that lack of drinkable water in the home had the strongest correlation with perceived stress. In terms of social stressors we found that 60% of new mothers had no partner, and 43% of those with a partner reported that they currently were not coresiding. In terms of the social stressors, the inability to depend on a partner in times of trouble had the strongest relationship to perceived stress. Other findings relating to partner support are discussed as well as sample and community characteristics. Given the importance of partner support, it is argued that the conditions of poverty itself serve to destabilize relationships, which in turn contributes to the cycle of poverty experienced by many residents of periurban settlements like Khayelitsha.

This study examined the relation between sense of community (SOC), sociodemographic characteristics, and health status to inform community-based interventions designed to prevent and reduce chronic disease in African Americans. A telephone survey was conducted with 1463 randomly selected residents in Nashville, Tenn. Respondents were majority female (69%), African American (59%), and single (59%), with a mean age of 55 (+/-17.61 years). African Americans have lower overall SOC scores, or lower scores on the domains related to perceived influence over community and sharing of common community values compared to Whites. High rates of chronic disease and low SES, combined with a low SOC, can hinder efforts to reduce and eliminate disparities. The goal of community-based participatory initiatives is to create programs that are sustainable by the target community after the funding is gone. Thus, to maximize the success, uptake, and sustainability of disease-specific interventions, it is imperative to incorporate assessment of SOC, identify factors that depress SOC, and engage in community collaboration to develop a plan to improve SOC.