Lead service lines (LSLs) represent the greatest source of lead in drinking water. Identifying the locations of LSLs can be challenging, and recent service line (SL) material surveys in Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana found that on average the materials making up 16% of SLs in these states are unknown and may be lead. Given the large number of possible LSLs in the United States, new and pending regulatory requirements, LSL replacement costs, associated lead exposure risks, and the public's desire to reduce lead exposure, there is a need to rapidly and cost‐effectively identify where LSLs are located, on public and private property. This review summarizes current industry LSL identification methods, including records screening, basic visual examination of indoor plumbing, water sampling, excavation, and predictive data analyses. A qualitative comparison of method cost, accuracy, disturbance, and other impacts is provided as a starting point for utilities that are developing a feasible approach for their specific needs/constraints. Lastly, an example stepwise approach to identify unknown SL materials is proposed. Article Impact Statement This manuscript provides water systems with a review of techniques available to identify LSLs.

Streambank erosion provides a direct supply of sediment to fluvial systems and significantly contributes to the total load in sediment impaired streams. The total amount and location of excessive streambank erosion must be determined to reduce the sediment supply and improve water quality within these impaired water bodies. The objective of our study was to integrate the Bank Assessment for Non‐point source Consequences of Sediment (BANCS) model with the Streambank Video Mapping System, a global positioning system‐based landscape‐scale data collection method, to estimate the total sediment load (SL) from streambank erosion over several river kilometers. This integrated methodology allowed us to identify erosion hotspots along a 20.4 km section of Upatoi Creek in Georgia. These streambank locations would be the highest priority sites for stream restoration efforts such as streambank stabilization, reestablishment of riparian vegetation, and floodplain reconnection. Our study reach had a SL per unit channel length (109 t/yr/km) comparable in magnitude to loading rates reported in the literature from other traditional BANCS assessments.