Understanding of the pathogenesis of developmental and inflammatory cysts is important to determine surgical approach and important for the identifcation and prediction of prognosis of the cyst of the oral and maxillofacial region. The immunohistochemically histologic examinations gives information about the potential proliferation of cyst epithelium. Subsequently facilitates the identifcation and choice of treatment options. In this review, with the use of proliferation markers in the prognosis of developmental and inflammatory cysts examined immunohistochemically evaluated in light of the current literature.