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A novel class of partially coherent light sources that can yield stable optical lattice termed hollow array in the far field is introduced. The array dimension, the distance of hollow lobes intensity profile, the size and shape of the inner and outer lobe contours and other features can be flexibly controlled by altering the source parameters. Further, every lobe can be shaped with polar and Cartesian symmetry and even combined to form nested structures. The applications of the work are envisioned in material surface processing and particle trapping.

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No abstract

We introduce a new class of partially coherent asymmetric array beams. When the beam propagates, the spectral density of each lobe and the corresponding degree of coherence have rotating behavior. Especially, not only can array-like lattices revolve arbitrarily, but also they can move freely by controlling transverse plane shifts. Furthermore, we have generated this kind of beam experimentally, and the experimental phenomena are consistent with the numerical simulation results. Such a rotating beam with free movement and revolution may broaden the way for optical applications. More importantly, it inspires further studies in the field of asymmetric coherence gratings and lattices.