Supply chain risk management is primarily a process that involves the identification, assessment and mitigation of risks that arise in a particular supply chain system. Pertaining to that, the offshore and marine industry is one of the many industries that have seldom received much consideration when it comes to management of the supply chain system. The rig building facet of the offshore and marine industry was thus chosen as the main focus of the project to manage the risks that arise in a particular oil rig building project. A risk mitigation plan framework was proposed to act as a guideline to identify as much risk as possible, eliminate trivial ones, and subsequently, prioritizing the remaining ones. The final step involves the formulation of a mathematical model based on the selected risk. In this case, the risk of raw material price fluctuation is studied. The demonstration of the Monte Carlo simulation using the Risk Solver program was also done to quantify the risks. Two case scenarios were then developed along with the implementation of risk management techniques in order to observe the effectiveness of the risk management of the overall rig building supply chain

Traditionally, an occupational health risk assessment is conducted by the occupational health (OH) subject-matter-expert (SME) separately from a safety risk assessment which is often conducted by the safety SME. Occupational health risks are often not assessed in-depth in the safety, health, and environment (SHE) risk assessment, which is normally led by safety SME. One of the reasons could be that the methodology is not well defined to align the OH risks with safety risks on a common basis in the risk assessment. This is understandable as OH risk assessments are based on "what-is" exposure assessment whereas the safety risk assessments are based on "what if" scenario of probability of safety incident occurring. A common risk assessment matrix for assessing both OH and safety risks with prioritized SHE risks will enable the line management to manage these risks better. This paper describes how the safety risk matrix's methodology is enhanced by integrating occupational health into the matrix. It also describes the experience and challenges in using the proposed SHE risk assessment matrix. Introduction Traditionally, an occupational health risk assessment is often conducted separately from a safety risk assessment. Even in the SHE risk assessment, occupational health is often not effectively assessed. To understand the issues, let us briefly look at the differences between safety and occupational health in a risk assessment. Safety looks at hazards that exist randomly and in short term in the workplace and attempts to anticipate random events and impose controls to reduce its frequency with prior allocation of resources to reduce the losses. Examples of safety hazards are electric shock, oxygen deficiency, slipping, falling, and chemical burns. A safety risk assessment is a what-if scenario-based assessment that focuses on acute (immediate) hazards. Occupational health looks at hazards that are present more or less continuously in the workplace by measuring or evaluating worker exposures to the hazards and instituting control measurs to reduce the exposures to the acceptable exposure standards. Examples of occupational health hazards are:Biological e.g. legionnella, viruses, bacteriaPhysical e.g. noise, radiation, heat stressChemical e.g. benzene, asbestos, leaded paints An occupational health risk assessment is a "what-is" assessment that focuses on chronic (long-term) hazards. A risk assessment is incomplete without addressing both acute and chronic hazards. As such, occupational health risks should be addressed together with safety risks in a risk assessment. In existing practices, as mentioned, occupational health is not effectively covered in the SHE risk assessment. This may be due to the different approach in the assessment of occupational health and safety risks. A what-if scenario-based assessment is often used to assess safety risks whereas a what-is exposure assessment is often used to assess the occupational health risks. Why integrate OH? There are many incentives to have a common SHE risk matrix that has occupational health risk assessment included such as:It enables line management to prioritize and manage health risks on a common basis with other SHE risks.A better "buy-in" of OH program by the line management.

Occupational Health (OH) Inspection Guidelines for Remote Upstream Operations was initially developed by the parent company for inspection of remote upstream operations e.g. exploration rigs at a remote site. This OH Inspection Guideline had been previously presented at the Sixth SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Venezuela. As a sequel to the presentation, this paper describes how the OH Inspection Guidelines was adopted by the affiliate company in Malaysia as the "best practice" OH checklists and its innovative applications and uses to other upstream operations activities. Prior to this adoption, the company was using a numerous Industrial Hygiene (IH) checklists each customized to the needs of different OH inspections and assessments. It is difficult to maintain so many IH checklists as required by the company Operations Integrity Management System (OIMS). For ease of maintenance of the OH checklists, we decided to adopt a single best practice OH checklist for all operations assessments and inspections. The OH Inspection Guidelines for Remote Upstream Operations was chosen as it was concise, yet comprehensive in OH and simple for field personnel to use. Under the OIMS, field personnel with limited OH knowledge are also expected to consider OH in conducting integrated safety, health and environment (SHE) inspection or assessments. The OH checklists was also promoted as a guide for non-OH personnel in inspection of construction & fabrication yards, drilling production rigs and offshore platforms. The OH checklists was also used by other non-OH field personnel in conducting their SHE assessments or inspections. The OH checklists were also used for conducting scenario based risk assessment by non-OH risk assessor; for periodic SHE inspections at contractor's facilities by SHE coordinators, for inspection of offshore catering facilities by company contract coordinators, and for self-inspection of their facilities by site personnel and contractors. The paper also compares the experiences in using the single OH checklists for all upstream operations versus having a number OH checklist for each type of upstream inspections. Introduction A paper was previously presented on Occupational Health Inspection Guidelines for Remote Upstream Operations at Sixth SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Venezuela. As a sequel to the paper, this paper describes why the guidelines was adopted by the affiliate company in Malaysia as a best practice OH checklists and how the guidelines was innovatively applied and used in other upstream operations. The OH Inspection Guidelines for Upstream Operations was originally developed by the parent company for inspection of remote upstream sites as the company continues to explore new opportunities in less developed frontier regions where the challenge of maintaining the high safety and health standards is increased. The risks of illness and injury in such operations may be greater from occupational and environmental factors and/or local endemic diseases. Therefore, the strength of the guidelines is in the occupational health such as identifying health risks arising from local environment and the needs to provide timely delivery of routine and emergency medical care to workforce in remote sites.

A formal health risk assessment tool was developed by the Company for full implementation. This paper is to share our experience in conducting health risk assessment using the tool at offshore oil and gas platforms in Malaysia. The purposes of the assessment are to identify, assess, and document exposure risks of personnel in relation to their activities and tasks, and prioritize risk reduction plans to manage the health risk identified. Workers are classified based on similar exposed workgroups. Health risk matrix is used to rank exposure risks both qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the ranking of the hazards and the exposure rating, risk reduction programs such as Health Hazard Inventory, Exposure Monitoring Program, Medical Surveillance Program, Hazard Communication were recommended. Based on the experience using this tool since 1997, we found it to be effective and comprehensive in identifying health hazards at the workplace and it provides the occupational health personnel and management with a clear direction in prioritizing their actions in managing the health risks. Introduction A simple but elegant vision of the company's occupational health data management system is to capture an individual's historical record of workplace exposures and a record of clinical outcomes in electronic databases that allow linkage of the two for the purpose of detecting subtle associations between work and diseases. Figure 1 shows a simplified flowchart of occupational health data management system. With this vision, the parent company had developed a formal health risk assessment tool for implementation by their affiliates worldwide. The assessment tool is similar to the Exposure Assessment Strategy developed by the American Industrial Hygiene Association. Since 1997, we have been using the assessment tool to conduct the health risk assessments at our offshore oil and gas facilities. This paper describes our experience in using the assessment tool in our upstream operations. Purposes The purposes of the health risk assessments are to:Systematically identify, assess and document exposure risks of personnel and their activities and tasks.Prioritize risk reduction plans to manage the health risks identified.