Aim: To assess the prognostic value of hematologic markers for cancers of the head and neck region, according to tumor site. Methods: We reviewed the data of 441 patients diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) between 2006 and 2014. Overall survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the hazard ratio (HR) for death, according to hematologic markers. Results: In the univariate analyses, hemoglobin concentration; leukocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, and platelet counts; and the platelet-lymphocyte ratio were associated with overall survival. In the multivariate analyses, hemoglobin concentration (HR 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38-0.78, p < 0.001) and leukocyte (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.11-2.23, p = 0.010), monocyte (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.25-2.73, p = 0.003), and platelet (HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.24-3.57, p = 0.008) counts were independent prognostic factors for HNSCC. None of the hematologic markers were significant prognosticators for oral cancer. Leukocyte (HR 2.67, 95% CI 1.17-6.58, p = 0.018), monocyte (HR 4.04, 95%CI 1.85-8.56, p < 0.001), and platelet (HR 3.77, 95% CI 1.55-8.28, p = 0.005) counts were independent prognostic factors for laryngeal cancer. Conclusions: Several hematologic markers have prognostic significance for patients with HNSCC, however, the magnitude of the effect depends on the tumor site.