Objective: To identify the factors that influenced early weaning and its incidence among children from six months old in five public hospitals of two states -Minas Gerais and Bahia, Brazil. Material and Methods: The sample (N = 104) was of convenience type composed of mothers of six-month-old infants from five public hospitals. Mothers answered a personal interview by phone when the child was six months old. Data analysis was performed by the association between the dependent variable, early weaning, and independents variables, maternal age, mother's marital status, education and job, family income, maternal belief about the amount of milk produced to be or not enough to feed her baby and breastfeeding interruption reason, through the chi-square test in SPSS software version 17.0 (p<0.05). Results: Among the relationships found, only maternal belief in milk failure was significantly associated with early weaning (p <0.001). Most mothers who did not perform early weaning believed they had satisfactory amount of milk (66.7%). The general weaning rate was ≅ 30%. Conclusion: Early weaning was related to maternal belief that the amount of milk was insufficient to meet the needs of the newborn and its incidence was high in the study population.

Objective: To compare the capacity of silver diamine fluoride (30%) and the bioactive giomer light-curing varnish for arresting ICDAS score 5 non-retentive caries lesions. Material and Methods: An in vitro analytical study was conducted using 36 healthy primary teeth, in which a cavity was created, divided into 3 groups: control (distilled and deionized water), giomer-based light-curing varnish -Barrier Coat, and Silver Diamine Fluoride 30% -Cariestop (SDF). The samples were analyzed for mineral loss as measured by surface microhardness (SMH). The Knoop microhardness test was performed using the HVS-1000 microhardness tester. The data were compared by two-way analysis of variance -treatment and time (before and after treatment) followed by Tukey's post-test. The significance level adopted in all analyzes was 5%. Results: The specimens treated with giomer showed higher SMH compared to the untreated group but were similar to those of the SDF group. The SDF group, on the other hand, showed no statistically significant difference from the control group (p=0.010). Conclusion: The giomer varnish had a remineralizing effect on artificial dentinal caries.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de atividades educativas e preventivas na higiene bucal de escolares. Metodologia: Foram avaliados 40 alunos de 6 a 8 anos, na Cidade de Patos-PB. Estes foram divididos em dois grupos: experimental e controle e foram examinados em relação às características socioeconômicas e de higiene bucal, assim como submetidos aos exames de ISG (Índice de sangramento gengival) e IHO-S (Índice de higiene oral simplificado). As crianças do grupo experimental participaram de um programa educativo-preventivo de 4 semanas, com orientações sobre a higiene bucal, os hábitos dietéticos e outras informações relevantes para a saúde bucal, além de realizarem, a cada sessão do programa, a escovação supervisionada. Quatro semanas após o exame clínico inicial, todas foram reavaliadas clinicamente, a fim de retomar os índices. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que ocorreram diferenças estatisticamente significativas em relação ao ISG (p < 0,001) e atividade de gengivite (p = 0,008) para os dois grupos. Inicialmente, a mediana do ISG foi de 15,50%, caindo para 8,00% após a realização das atividades. Além disso, o percentual de escolares com atividade de gengivite alta, que era na primeira avaliação de 65,0%, caiu para 25,0%, evidenciando uma influência positiva das atividades educativas e preventivas na higiene bucal dos escolares. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que um programa educativo-preventivo, em curto prazo, em nível escolar, é eficaz na redução da atividade de gengivite e na melhoria da higiene bucal. Não obstante, para que os resultados positivos possam se prolongar em longo prazo, o programa educativo-preventivo deverá ter caráter permanente.