1 CS-747 is a novel thienopyridine-type platelet ADP inhibitor which lacks in vitro activity. This study examined pharmacological pro®les of R-99224, a hepatic metabolite of CS-747. 2 R-99224 produced a concentration-dependent inhibition of in vitro platelet aggregation in washed human platelets (0.03 ± 1 mg ml 71 ), which was relatively speci®c to ADP compared to collagen and thrombin. ) also inhibited the ADP-induced decrease in cyclic AMP levels in PGE 1 -stimulated platelets, whereas the agent did not aect ADP (10 mM)-induced Ca 2+ mobilization. 7 These ®ndings suggest that R-99224 is a selective and irreversible antagonist of G i -linked P2T receptors and that R-99224 is a responsible molecule for in vivo actions of CS-747.

These studies demonstrated that OMDI is hydrolyzed in the eye to OMD, an EP2 receptor agonist, with a significant ocular hypotensive effect in both ocular normotensive and hypertensive animal models.

Background: Meniscal function after repair of radial/flap tears of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus (LM) with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) has not been comprehensively investigated. Purpose: To evaluate not only the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients with repair of radial/flap tears of the posterior LM with ACLR but also the healing status of the repaired meniscus and changes of chondral status with second-look arthroscopy. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: From January 2008 to April 2016, 41 patients of a consecutive series of 505 primary anatomic ACLR cases had a concomitant radial/flap tear of the posterior horn of the LM and underwent side-to-side repair with an inside-out or all-inside technique. All patients were followed for >2 years, evaluated clinically and radiologically (radiograph and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]), and compared with a control group without any concomitant injuries that underwent ACLR. Of the 41 patients, 30 were assessed by second-look arthroscopy 2 years postoperatively. Results: The mean follow-up times of the study and control groups were 3.4 and 3.9 years, respectively. The study group showed no significant differences in clinical findings, lateral joint space narrowing on radiograph, and coronal extrusion on MRI as compared with the control group, whereas sagittal extrusion on MRI progressed significantly in the study group (1.2 ± 1.5 mm vs 0.32 ± 1.0 mm, P < .001). Eighteen patients (60%) obtained complete healing; 9 (30%) showed partial healing; and 3 (10%) failed to heal on second-look arthroscopy. Changes of chondral status in the femoral condyle showed no significant difference between the groups ( P = .29). However, chondral status of the lateral tibial plateau worsened significantly in the study group ( P = .0011). Conclusion: The clinical and radiographic outcomes after repair of radial/flap tears of the posterior horn of the LM as combined with anatomic ACLR were successful and comparable with those after isolated ACLR without any other injuries at a mean postoperative follow-up of 3.4 years, except for sagittal extrusion on MRI. Chondral lesions of the lateral tibial plateau deteriorated regardless of meniscal healing at 2 years postoperatively. Surgeons should keep in mind that chondral injuries might progress over the midterm.

OMDI, a novel IOP-lowering compound, reduced IOP by increasing outflow facility and uveoscleral outflow in nonhuman primates.

In male collision/contact athletes, while the overall clinical outcome was unsatisfactory, a favorable outcome was achieved in athletes without a preoperative glenoid defect and athletes with bone union. The glenoid defect decreased in size postoperatively due to remodeling of the united bone fragment, and the recurrence rate was low when the final glenoid defect size was 5% or less.