Introduction While there is evidence of obstetric and neonatal outcomes from non‐obstetric surgery during pregnancy, surgery during the third trimester of gestation has not been evaluated as a prognostic factor for those outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine whether appendectomies during the third trimester are associated with adverse neonatal outcomes, in comparison with appendectomies during the first two trimesters, based on national administrative data in Colombia. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed using administrative health records. It included all women who had live births and who underwent an appendectomy during any stage of pregnancy, between the years 2011 and 2016, and who belonged to Colombia's contributory health system. The main outcome was preterm birth. Birth weight and 1‐min and 5‐min Apgar scores were also measured, as well as outcomes used to identify neonatal near‐miss cases. Propensity score matching was used in order to balance baseline characteristics (age, weeks of gestation, obstetric comorbidity index, and region and year the procedure was performed). Relative risks were estimated with Poisson regressions. Results This study included a total of 2507 women in Colombia's contributory health system who underwent an appendectomy during pregnancy. Appendectomy was performed on 885 women (35.30%) in their first trimester, 1205 women (48.07%) in their second trimester, and 417 women (16.63%) in their third trimester. For the entire population, the preterm birth rate was 11.85 per 100 appendectomies. With the matched sample, this study found that women in their third trimester had a 1.65 greater risk of preterm birth [95% CI, 1.118–2.423], a 3.43 greater risk of birth at gestational ages < 33 weeks [95% CI, 1.363 to 8.625], 2.083 greater risk of weight under 1750 g [95% CI, 1.056–4.109], and a mean difference of − 0.247 [95% CI, − .382 to − .112] in the 1‐min Apgar score and − .168a [95% CI, − .276 to − .060] in the 5‐min Apgar. No differences were found in birth weight or Apgar scores < 7. Conclusions In Colombia's contributory health system, women who undergo appendectomies in their third trimester have a greater risk of preterm birth, birth weight under 1750 g, birth at gestational ages less than 33 weeks, and decreased 1‐min and 5‐min Apgar scores.

Introduction: De Garengeot hernia is an entity mainly diagnosed intraoperatively. It is more frequently observed in women and is defined as the presence of the vermiform appendix inside to femoral hernia. Most femoral hernias are identified based on clinical diagnosis, but diagnostic imaging is necessary for confirmation. Ultrasound, for example, is a valuable tool to characterize the anatomy of the hernia and its content, and to establish surgical planning. Case presentation: A 75-year-old woman attended the general surgery department of a high complexity hospital in Bogotá, Colombia, due to a painful mass in the right inguinal region. The initial ultrasound study showed a femoral hernia containing the incarcerated appendix and periappendiceal fluid in the hernial sac. The patient developed chronic appendiceal inflammation, so she underwent femoral hernia repair with mesh and appendectomy without complications, achieving a satisfactory recovery. Conclusion: Clinical examination may be sufficient to confirm the presence of a hernia in a large number of cases when the diagnostic approach involves the search of inguinal masses with pain. However, to facilitate surgical planning, diagnostic imaging, especially ultrasound with high resolution transducers, is the primary tool to characterize the type of hernia and the contents of the hernial sac.