The study examined the impact of government debt on economic growth through extensive review of relevant theoretical and empirical literature. Governments borrow to cover budget deficits. The debt is obtained either from the domestic market or from external sources. Government debt by Greece proved to be bad for the economy while government debt by USA which has the highest debt in the world proved to be manageable. This led to the need to examine the impact of government debt on economic growth in Kenya. The major theories examined included Adolph Wagner's law of increasing state activity, the debt overhang theory, crowding out theory and the Ricardian equivalence theory. The main objective of the critical literature review was to review the literature done on the impact of government debt on economic growth while the specific objectives were to examine the impact of government debt on economic growth, to investigate the effects of macroeconomic variables on the relationship between government debt and economic growth, to establish the effects of regulatory reforms on the relationship between government debt and economic growth, and to review the joint effect of macroeconomic variables and regulatory reforms on government debt and economic growth. The majority of the findings from the literature reviewed on government debt indicated that there was an impact of government debt on economic growth; some showed a positive economic growth while others showed a negative economic growth.

This paper examines the effect of capital structure on the financial performance of the non-financial firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange and how this relationship is moderated by firm size. In addition, the paper evaluates the existence of equilibrium and disequilibrium relationship among the variables. The study analyzed unbalanced panel data sourced from across 53 non-financial firms listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange which covers the period from 2010 to 2017. Total debt to total equity, total equity to total assets, and total debt to total assets were used for assessing capital structure of the listed non-financial firms. Firm size was measured using natural logarithm of total sales. Financial performance attribute was measured by Tobin's Q. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple and simple regression analysis. Regression analysis was used to ascertain the direction and magnitude of the relationships. The study revealed that leverage had a significant positive effect on the financial performance of the NSE listed non-financial firms. Furthermore, firm size has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between capital structure and financial performance. The study concludes that firms should strive to increase their leverage since it has a statistically significant positive effect on financial performance of the nonfinancial firms listed on the NSE. The study further concludes that firms should strive to grow their firm size by increasing their total sales. This is because it has a statistically significant positive effect on the financial performance of NSE listed non-financial firms.

This study paper examines the influence of ownership concentration and firm financial decisions on firm value for firms listed on the Nairobi securities exchange. This study is supported by theoretical literature under the signaling hypothesis, institutional monitoring hypothesis, and agency theory. The study used longitudinal data for listed firms during the ten years (2008- 2017) and regression analysis was used to study the nature and extent of the relationship. The target population was sixty-eight firms that traded equity securities during the period. Empirical results reveal that ownership concentration has no significant positive effect on firm value, but dividend payment significantly influences firm value, and the capital structure only compliments other corporate governance processes in a firm. Firms listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange have a high level of ownership concentration and this suggests, contrary to the shareholder monitoring hypothesis, large shareholders could be entrenched and, unless other complementary corporate mechanisms are present, large shareholders may not act in the best interest of minority shareholders.The youthful spirit of students to become entrepreneurs is apparent to the naked eye. However, the general objective of this research was to analyze the entrepreneurial attitude of male students from the Tecnológico Nacional de México campus, Tepeaca. One hundred and seventy-two male students were surveyed. The questionnaire was designed and validated by experts in the area. The validation was carried out by a new method; This consists of applying a Pearson factorial analysis for linear correlations and chi-square for nonlinear associations. Five postulates are applied to debug and validate each item. The items are taken as factors or independent variables to contrast the working hypotheses. The sampling was random. The results matrix obtained after applying Pearson's correlation yielded three correlations above 0.7. With these correlations, six linear hypotheses were validated. Only eight chi-squarevalidated nonlinear hypotheses were selected due to the limited space of a scientific article. In general, 400 working hypotheses were designed in the order of 20 items taken in two to two. It is concluded that the surveyed students have extensive knowledge of entrepreneurship. They are prepared for innovation, creation, and success in the companies they own and the companies where they provide their services.

The nature of the funding source a commercial bank decides to adopt is a key performance determinant. Ideally, banks make use of either shareholders’ equity, borrowed funds, or customers' deposits to finance their operations. The liberalization in the sector has made it possible for many players to exist and as a result, each player has had to come up with a unique competitive way that allows them to attract and retain the best funding sources capable of yielding positive performance. Much as there are studies that have sought to investigate the concept of funding and performance among commercial banks, both in developing and developed economies, the studies yield mixed findings. This study sought to determine the mediating effect of the bank’s competitiveness on the relationship between funding sources and performance. A descriptive research design was adopted and used to evaluate the two hypotheses formulated for each of the study’s objectives. Secondary data obtained from 35 commercial banks that have been consistently operating in Kenya was gathered between the years 2011 to 2021. Findings obtained from the fixed effect regression model after performing a four-step regression mediation procedure indicate that bank competitiveness has a mediating effect on the relationship between funding sources and performance. This finding point to the need for both policymakers and implementers to come up with clear policies that can enable banks to utilize funds obtained from various sources more prudently and in the process ensure their performance remains optimum.