Because of the deregulation of electric power, electricity supply has changed from an exclusive supply by general electric utilities in each region to a competitive supply by various electric utilities. Furthermore, the wholesale electric power exchange (EPX) has been established, and it is becoming possible to procure and sell electricity through the market. Because the prices in the EPX are uncertain, a planning method considering the uncertainty is needed. A community energy management system (CEMS) stands between energy consumers in the community and energy suppliers. A CEMS purchases energy from external power supply sources and operates the equipment to provide ancillary service to consumers. In this paper, we consider the dayahead scheduling problem of a CEMS group using stochastic optimization.

We discuss the method to compute the integrals, which appear in the retarded potential term for a real‐time simulation based on quantum electrodynamics. We show that the oscillatory integrals over the infinite interval involved in them can be efficiently performed by the method developed by Ooura and Mori based on the double exponential formula. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

In the ongoing power system reform in Japan, the division of transmission and distribution is separated from the former general electric utility and became a general power transimission and distribution business operator. After the reform, the power transmission and distribution business operators will procure reserve power from the reserve market. We have formulated the clearing problem in the reserve market as a 0-1 integer programming problem. This problem can be viewed as a Min-Max set multi-cover problem. Since the set covering problem belongs NP-hard, it is not easy to solve large-scale problems in practical time. In this paper, we propose a greedy solution and local search solution to the Min-Max set multi-cover problem and evaluate its performance by numerical experiments.

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