This paper proposes a new non-destructive method for evaluating the size of the flaking in ball bearing with an electromagnetic sensor. This method focuses on the variation of the magnitude of the characteristic frequency of a defect on the outer race. Through the presence of local maximums and minimums, the length of the flaking is evaluated while the bearing is in operation. The applicability and accuracy of this method is confirmed through several accelerated aging tests. It is shown that the growth of the length of the flaking in ball bearings is linear.
To elucidate the Ni crystal size and orientation, and to characterize the plating morphology, composition, and hardness, we examined the Ni composite platings electrodeposited from Ni baths containing TiC and SiC particles. The (Ni-TiC and Ni-TiC-SiC) orientation was more random than that of (Watt's Ni and Ni-SiC) . The Ni crystal size of (Ni-TiC and Ni-TiC-SiC) was finer. Moreover, (Ni-TiC and Ni-TiC-SiC) was found to be harder. Ni coated the surface of TiC particles on the Ni-TiC plating very easily creating a rougher surface and voids in the plating. The addition of SiC particles into the Ni-TiC (100 g dm -3 ) bath increased the SiC content and decreased the TiC content in the plating. When appropriate amounts of SiC and TiC were mixed, they produced a rough surface without a void. The Ni-TiC (100 g dm -3 ) -SiC (40 g dm -3 ) composite consisted of dense plating dispersed homogeneously with TiC and SiC particles. It exhibited equal hardness to that of Ni-TiC (100 g dm -3 ) .
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