Sevoflurane is familiar to anesthesiologists as an inhaled anesthetic to induce and maintain anesthesia; however, it has not been widely used for sedation. Recently, the use of sevoflurane for inhalational sedation has been increasing. Moreover, in Korea, the use of sevoflurane for conscious or deep sedation in dental care for children and the disabled is increasing, primarily by dental anesthesiologists. In this article, we reviewed a sedation method using sevoflurane.

Hydroxyzine is one of the most popular oral sedatives used in pediatric dentistry. This study aimed to investigate the safety and possible side effects of sedation using hydroxyzine in pediatric dentistry. "Hydroxyzine,” "Dental sedation,” "Child,” and "Safety" and their associated synonyms were searched using the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, KISS, KMBASE, and KoreaMed databases. Academic information and portals of DBpia and RISS were also perused. Altogether, 340 papers were found, among which a total of 24 papers were selected according to the detailed criteria. Nine studies used hydroxyzine as monotherapy, and 10 studies compared its safety when hydroxyzine used as multitherapy. In addition, seven studies employed a drug regimen wherein hydroxyzine was one of the components. All these studies revealed that the adverse events specific to hydroxyzine usage were drowsiness and dryness of the mouth, and that there were respiratory complications due to a synergistic reaction of hydroxyzine. Although classified as a histamine blocker, hydroxyzine with its sedative, antiemetic, anticonvulsant, and anticholinergic properties is an oral sedative available without serious adverse events, If the proper dosage of the drug is used and its synergistic effects with other drugs are ascertained in the route of administration.

During the perioperative period, anesthesiologists frequently observe cardiac tachyarrhythmia. Ventricular tachycardia is very rare in non-cardiac surgeries. However, it can be fatal when it occurs. Therefore, anesthesiologists should be watchful so as to not to miss ventricular tachycardia and take the appropriate steps to manage it promptly. We present a case, with a review of related literature, in which a non-sustained ventricular tachycardia was observed in a patient who visited the hospital for dental treatment.