Background and Aims:Shoulder arthroscopy requires fluid irrigation, which causes soft-tissue oedema around chest, neck, and arm intraoperatively, leading to postoperative airway complications. We decided to study the incidence of increase in the neck circumference in shoulder arthroscopy and its effects on the airway.Methods:We studied 32 cases of shoulder arthroscopies over a period of 1-year, performed under general anaesthesia with interscalene block. The neck circumference of patients before and after the procedure was measured along with other parameters. The endotracheal tube cuff was deflated at the end of surgery to determine air leak around the tube. The negative leak test suggested airway oedema.Results:Thirty out of 32 patients showed positive air leak test. The average change in neck circumference was 1.17 ± 1.16 cm and all could be extubated uneventfully. Two showed negative leak test with an increase in neck circumference by 4.5 and 6.4 cm and were not extubated. Multiple regression analysis for risk factors showed intraoperative hypertension as a single predictor for an increase in neck circumference.Conclusion:Change in the neck circumference beyond 4 cm may suggest airway compromise and below 4 cm, airway compromise is unlikely even in the presence of extensive soft-tissue oedema around the shoulder, upper arm and chest.

Background- Sexually transmitted infections (STI's) are foremost community well being problems midst the women specially in developing countries. Vaginosis is conjoint gynaecological disorder stated in 5-51 % of women reliant upon demographics & whether or not they are suggestive of symptoms.1 Bacterial vaginosis is presently measured as the furthermost predominant vaginal infection. 50% of the total statistics of BV infections are symptomless. It is related with low birth weight & avoidable preterm birth. The study included 800 Methods- patients attending ANC & STI clinic who were screened for Bacterial vaginosis, candida, Gonorrhoea, Trichomonas vaginalis, HIV, Hepatitis b, Herpes simplex virus –II, Syphilis, Chlamydia by appropriate serological and bacteriological identication methods. In this study vaginal Results- trichomoniasis showed highly signicant association with bacterial vaginosis. In present study candidiasis OR=0.19 (95% CI) 0.19(0.14-0.28)( p= 0.000 ) showed highly signicant association with bacterial vaginosis. Similarly HIV (OR=5.79 (95% CI) (1.09-57.35) p=0.0138 and Syphilis OR=3.66 (95% CI) (1.16-13.57) p = 0.0108 also signicantly associated with bacterial vaginosis. A diagnosis of Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea and HSV-2 showed no signicant association with BV (all p>0.05). Screening for BV could reduce HIV Conclusions- -1 transmision. Additionally, BV is associated with STIs including HIV, so further investigation is needed to apprehend the potential role of screening and treatment of BV in STIs /HIV prevention programs.

Objective: The emergence of Human immunodeciency virus(HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections has posed the greatest challenge to public health in modern era. Study was done retrospectively to nd out burden of HIV, HBV and HCV in community. Similarly we tried to study other sociodemographic factors and correlates of HIV. Methodology: A retrospective study was done. Serum samples were processed and analysed in the department of microbiology, in tertiary care hospital since JAN 20 to JAN 22. The study included all OPD and IPD patients sample. Results: A total of 21600 samples were analysed retrospectively. Prior consent was taken. Of these, 13490 were males and 8110 were females. The seroprevalence of HIV was found to be 0.5% , HBsAg 0.70% and HCV was 0.25 among population visiting Tertiary Care Centre. Coinfection rate of hepatitis B and hepatitis C with HIV positive patients was found to be 5 (0.23%). Conclusions: Prevalence HIV, HBV and HCV seropositivity was found to be very low in this population around our tertiary care hospital. Sexually transmitted infection history was most relevant risk factors of co-infection among seropositive population. Coinfection rate of hepatitis B and hepatitis C with HIV positive patients was on higher side among patients with high risk sexual behaviour..

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