In view of the fact that the endo-prosthesis heads of human hip-joint are operated in extreme conditions, in respect of load, the selection of corresponding material and also increase of precision and quality of machining of spherical surfaces is rather topical task. In the submitted work are reviewed the problems connected with definition of the influence degree of orientation of the sapphire crystal on its workability during diamond grinding with a butt of the ring and elaboration of the perspective, original scheme of formation of the incomplete spherical surface, particularly, of the sapphire head of endo-prosthesis of the human hip-joint.

No abstract

Аннотация. Ввиду того, что головки эндопротезов тазобедренного сустава человека эксплуатируются в экстремальных условиях по нагрузке, выбор соответствующего материала, а также повышение точности и качества обработки сферических поверхностей является актуальной задачей. В представленной работе рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с определением степени влияния ориентации кристалла сапфира на его обрабатываемость при алмазном шлифовании торцом кольца и разработкой перспективной, оригинальной схемы формирования неполной сферической поверхности, в частности, сапфировой головки эндопротеза тазобедренного сустава человека.

In view of the fact that the endo-prosthesis heads of human hip-joint are operated in extreme conditions, in respect of load, the selection of corresponding material and also increase of precision and quality of machining of spherical surfaces is rather topical task. In the submitted work are reviewed the problems connected with definition of the influence degree of orientation of the sapphire crystal on its workability during diamond grinding with a butt of the ring and elaboration of the perspective, original scheme of formation of the incomplete spherical surface, particularly, of the sapphire head of endo-prosthesis of the human hip-joint.

Currently. in many countries, studies are undertaken to study basalt fibre, which is one of the interesting reinforcing materials for polymer composite materials. Unlike traditional materials, when using fibre composites, product production and material formation occur simultaneously. Therefore, this work carried out the study of the material in conjunction with the study of technologies for the manufacture of products. The results of the study of the mechanical properties of basalt fibre produced in Georgia and the results of studies carried out to determine the effectiveness of its use as a reinforcing agent in the manufacture of products are presented. Experiments to determine the strength were carried out both for a single fibre and for a fabric woven from it. This work has developed some technologies for the manufacture of two types of products - high pressure cylinders and rotor blades of wind power plants. In the first case, for reinforcing the polymer composite, a bundle of threads was used, and in the second case, a fabric woven from basalt fibre was used as a reinforcing material. The experiments to determine the material mechanical performance were carried out for a single fibre as well as for the woven fabric. Tensile and bending strength are presented along the a fully manufactured and operating wind turbine.