The solubility of isobutane in three ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIm]-[PF 6 ]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF 4 ]), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([BMIm][Tf 2 N]) at temperatures ranging from 288.2 K to 313.2 K and pressures up to near atmospheric pressure were determined by a saturation technique. The solubility values were correlated using the Peng− Robinson equation of state with van der Waals 2-parameter mixing rules. In general, the model and the experimental data were in good agreement. Henry's constants were calculated on the basis of the solubility data at different temperatures and fitted to the Benson−Krause (BK) equation well. The results showed that the solubilities of isobutane in these three ionic liquids increased with increasing pressure and decreased with increasing temperature and were in the sequence: [BMIm][Tf 2 N] > [BMIm][PF 6 ] > [BMIm] [BF 4 ]. The solubility parameters (δ) of these three ILs were calculated and were used to qualitatively explain the difference of the solubility of isobutane in different ILs. Partial molar thermodynamic functions of solvation such as standard Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy were calculated from the solubility results.

A dual acidic ionic liquid 3-sulfobutyl-1-(3-propyltriethoxysilane)imidazolium hydrogen sulfate was synthesized and immobilized on MCM-22 via covalent bonding, which was characterized by FT-IR, TGA, SEM, BET, XPS and XRD. The modulating of adsorption capacity by novel immobilized ionic liquid was demonstrated by ethane and ethylene. The results indicate that after immobilization, the main structure of the MCM-22 remains unchanged and the acid amount increased. This material displays relatively superior adsorption ability in tuning the ratio of paraffin/olefin (the adsorbed ratio of ethane/ethylene increased over 30%). The immobilized ionic liquid is believed to tune the adsorption capacity resulting in these enhanced results. In addition, this concept could also be applicable to Friedel-Crafts alkylation, catalytic cracking reaction, adsorption separation, or other competitive adsorption reactions.

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Background: Strychnos nux-vomica L. (SN)，a classic Chinese herb, have long been used for the treatment of cancer for many years, However, the pharmacological mechanisms of SN in treatment of Multiple myeloma L.remain vague.The aim of this study was to examine the network pharmacological potential effects of SN on Multiple myeloma using a systems pharmacology approach.Methods: we collected putative targets of SN based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology database，and oral bioavailability and drug-likeness was screened using absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) criteria. the network of the interactions among the putative targets of SN and known therapeutic targets of Multiple myeloma was built by using the STITCH database. Then, topological parameters, “Degree” ,“Closeness” and“Betweenness” were calculated to identify the hub targets in the network. Furthermore, the hub targets were imported to the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery to perform a pathway enrichment analysis.Results: 60 of the identified potential targets of the SN were also Multiple Myeloma- related targets, including 14 putative targets of SN were observed to be major hubs in terms of topological importance.Additionally,the results of pathway enrichment analysis indicated that targets of SN in treating Multiple Myeloma were mainly clustered into multiple biological processes by activating on several signaling pathways(PI3K-Akt, p38-MAPK, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathways), which implied that these were involved in the underlying mechanisms of SN on Multiple Myeloma. Conclusions: Our works successfully explain the potential effects of SN for Multiple Myeloma treatment via the molecular mechanisms predicted by network pharmacology.Moreover,our present outcomes might shed light on the further clinical application of SN in treating Multiple Myeloma.