The HPV vaccination was associated with higher knowledge and appropriately lower perception of HPV risk. Despite the vaccination, most of the adolescents continued to perceive a need for safer sexual behavior. All adolescent girls should receive HPV vaccination in order to reduce cervical cancer burden in the future.

Objective To determine the predictive accuracy of the combined panels of serum human tissue kallikreins (hKs) and CA-125 for the detection of epithelial ovarian cancer. Methods Serum specimens collected from 5 Indonesian centers and 1 Vietnamese center were analyzed for CA-125, hK6, and hK10 levels. A total of 375 specimens from patients presenting with ovarian tumors, which include 156 benign cysts, 172 epithelial ovarian cancers (stage I/II, n=72; stage III/IV, n=100), 36 germ cell tumors and 11 borderline tumors, were included in the study analysis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis were performed to determine the cutoffs for age, CA-125, hK6, and hK10. Sensitivity, specificity, negative, and positive predictive values were determined for various combinations of the biomarkers. Results The levels of hK6 and hK10 were significantly elevated in ovarian cancer cases compared to benign cysts. Combination of 3 markers, age/CA-125/hk6 or CA-125/hk6/hk10, showed improved specificity (100%) and positive predictive value (100%) for prediction of ovarian cancer, when compared to the performance of single markers having 80-92% specificity and 74-87% positive predictive value. Four-marker combination, age/CA-125/hK6/hK10 also showed 100% specificity and 100% positive predictive value, although it demonstrated low sensitivity (11.9%) and negative predictive value (52.8%). Conclusion The combination of human tissue kallikreins and CA-125 showed potential for improving prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer in patients presenting with ovarian tumors.

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Abstrak: Insiden kanker serviks di Bali sangat tinggi (0,8%), dimana lebih dari 70% kasus terdeteksi saat sudah stadium lanjut (di atas 2B), sehingga sulit diobati. Upaya pencegahan masih rendah dan Kabupaten Badung hanya membiayai vaksinasi dengan cakupan 17,8% (1567 dari 8784) siswa sekolah menengah umum. Vaksinasi membutuhkan dana yang besar, keberlangsungan subsidi pemerintah daerah belum dipastikan, sehingga dibutuhkan partisipasi masyarakat untuk keberlanjutan dan cakupan yang lebih luas. Penelitian crossectional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, pendidikan dan pekerjaan, dengan kesediaan orang tua membayar biaya vaksinasi. Sampel penelitian adalah 196 dari 595 populasi dipilih secara random, terdiri dari ibu siswi Kelas 1 SMU 1 Petang, SMU 2 Mengwi dan SMU 1 Kuta Utara. Data dikumpulkan dengan self administered questionnaires.  Perceived benefits dan severity diukur dengan menilai jawaban dari pertanyaan terbuka dan  pre-coded. Analisis data menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistik. Kesediaan orang tua membayar masih rendah 43% dengan 70% responden sanggup membayar dibawah Rp. 237.500,-. untuk tiga dosis. Hasil analisa bivariat menunjukkan perceived susceptibility [RP 1,31; 95%CI 1,04-1,67], perceived severity [RP 1,57; 95%CI 1,20-2,05], perceived benefits [RP 1,84; 95%CI 1,39-2,45], pendidikan [RP 1,64; 95%CI 1,05-2,57], perceived barriers [RP 0,89; 95%CI 0,70-1,15] dan pekerjaan [RP=1,18; 95%CI 0,87-1,60]. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits dan pendidikan berhubungan dengan kesediaan orang tua membayar vaksin. Faktor dominan yang berhubungan adalah perceived benefits. Disarankan promosi kesehatan lebih menekankan pada manfaat vaksinasi serta tingkat keganasan penyakit untuk meningkatkan kesediaan masyarakat membayar.