Purpose -The existing literature has accepted the view that the destination image can be explained by the motivation theory. According to this theory the destination image can be explained by either the internal motivation of tourists or the external motivation originating from the destination. The purpose of this paper is to critically review the literature to build an appropriate research framework for understanding the formation of destination image by international tourists. Design, Methodology and Approach -The literature pertaining to destination image till recently can be divided into three evolutionary stages with stage boundaries marked by the seminal reviews by Echtner & Ritchie in 1991 and by Pike in 2002. The two main focuses of the destination image research are -measurement and theory of the destination image. The evolution of measurement and theory is reviewed, in this conceptual paper, through these stages justifying the proposed new research framework. Findings -The existing theories do not take in to account some of the modern variables such as perceived risks of travel and the power of social networks that fuel word of mouth. Originality of Research -All the conceptual discussions and views are original.

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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impacts of the determinants, such as external motivation, internal motivation, word of mouth and perceived risks on intention to visit. The hypotheses were tested using quantitative research methodology. The sample of randomly drawn 400 respondents from the international tourists landing at the international airports, Suvarnabhumi and Don Mueang over a period of three months in early 2016 was used for data collection. The main finding was that there is a significant impact of all the four independent variables on the intention to visit, individually and jointly. In terms of impact, the research provides a clear guidance for the marketing of a tourist destination based on the results from Phuket. This paper clearly shows importance of word of mouth and perceived risk of travel apart from the push and pull factors coming from motivation theory.

Satun is the first geopark in Thailand, recognized by The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for having the longest succession of fossils as well as an abundance and diversity of fossil species. It is also renowned for its rich nature, cultural diversity and harmony. Satun geopark has a high potential to be further developed for world tourism. However, the geopark green card is validated only for 4 years. Thailand must ensure a delicate balance between local community development and geopark tourism. The goal of this study is to review existing literature on Satun Geopark's destination image, visitor expectations, and intended travel dates. It also aims to develop a conceptual framework for evaluating the importance of Satun Geopark's destination image and visitor expectations. According to the literature, it is clear that tourist expectations and internal motivation have an impact on affective destination image, while external motivation and word of mouth have an impact on cognitive destination image. Cognitive destination image also acts as a mediating factor between external motivation and word of mouth. The results of this study can be used to modify the tourism and information package to maximize tourists' satisfaction and loyalty. It will also guide the Satun geopark in terms of marketing and providing information to the tourists.

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