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This research work is concerned with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic (PV) systems under partially shaded conditions (PSCs) through an improved particle swarm optimisation (PSO). The traditional PSO is investigated toward MPPT and the reasons for delayed convergence characteristics are investigated. Then, a modified PSO is proposed, in which population is reduced sequentially by eliminating less-promising particles. The new concept is applied to a 30 kW PV plant situated in a school building and the results are analysed. The new methodology is also experimentally verified on a 400 W prototype PV system in the laboratory. Enhanced energy harvesting from the existing 30 kW PV plant is highlighted considering realistic shading patterns and full bright conditions of solar insolation. The computed and measured results clearly demonstrate that the new PSO is a promising candidate for MPPT in PV systems under PSC.

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This paper discusses the results obtained from a solar powered LED roadway lighting system in a reputed manufacturing industry in India. This system is an alternative to conventional grid powered high pressure sodium vapour roadway lighting existing in the industry. Design of LED lighting system for replacing the existing high pressure sodium vapour lamp considering the pupil lumens is discussed in detail. Sizing of solar photovoltaic modules and battery capacity for the project along with development of charge controller and LED driver are deliberated in the paper. A few salient features of solar powered LED roadway lighting system such as module mounting design, operational performance, economic feasibility of the system etc. are also well documented in this work.