A description of the importance of rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) measurements to the operation of electricity networks is given. The susceptibility of ROCOF measurements to common power system disturbances such as phase steps is described. A measurement campaign to observe ROCOF at multiple locations in an island grid dominated by renewable generation is described and some results are given. These captured ROCOF events are dominated by those associated with phase steps, which occur without significant change to underlying power system frequency. It is concluded that they constitute a "false" ROCOF event. A new algorithm is presented that attempts to remove the influence of the phase step and reduce the associated ROCOF error such that the reliability of ROCOF measurements can be improved in the presence of phase steps. The algorithm is then applied to some recorded waveform sequences from the island that contains phase steps, and the results are presented. In one example, it is shown that a false ROCOF spike in excess of 100 Hz/s was reduced to less than 5 Hz/s. Index Terms-Frequency measurement, phasor measurement units (PMUs), power system measurements, rate of change of frequency (ROCOF).

In power network analysis it is increasingly desirable to implement controller and power systems models within different software environments. This stems from, among other things, an increasing influence of new and distributed control functions within smart grids and a growing influence of market operations. The computation time resulting from use of multiple simulation environments can cause significant delays and constrain the number of scenarios considered. This paper introduces and compares several techniques for integrating external control system models into power systems models for time domain simulations. In particular, a new technique is reported in this paper for PowerFactory-MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation interfaces, which offers a significant advantage over alternative methods in terms of the reduction in simulation runtimes and flexibility for the end user.

Objective: Discharge summaries (DSs) allow communication between hospitals and general practitioners and are essential for continuity of patient care. Despite this important function, the most junior doctor on the medical team usually writes them. An internal audit and survey of general practitioners (GPs) and aged care facilities within the Bankstown sector of the South Western Sydney Area Health Service revealed significant shortcomings with DSs from the aged care unit at Bankstown‐Lidcombe Hospital Method: A new DS form was designed specifically for aged care patients, and junior medical officers (JMOs) received training at the beginning of term with regular review and feedback throughout the term. Results: After three months a second survey was performed which revealed a significant improvement in the quality of DSs from the unit. Satisfaction with the pre‐intervention DS form compared to the post‐intervention form increased from 22% to 79%. JMOs benefited from extra education and the development of a problem based approach to writing DSs.

The importance of rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) measurements in electrical power grids is discussed along with its measurement challenges. A measurement campaign in a renewable-rich grid to compare ROCOF measurement algorithms with a variety of configurations at multiple locations is presented. An example of a captured ROCOF event is given.