a resuMoEste artigo é parte de uma série especial que foi desenvolvida para auxiliar autores no processo da redação científica e comunicação. O presente artigo visa ratificar a importância das publicações científicas de relatos e série de casos nas ciências médicas e da saúde. O estudo teve o objetivo de fornecer insights para orientar os autores que pretendem submeter esse tipo de estudo. Realizou-se uma pesquisa não sistemática, trazendo uma breve abordagem histórica sobre os relatos da literatura científica, um levantamento de dados sobre as principais dificuldades para publicações no cenário atual e, as contribuições dos relatos e série de casos para a ciência. Por fim, aborda-se o atual paradoxo entre a subvalorização deste tipo de publicação e a importância dos casos emblemáticos publicados com grande impacto na evolução da ciência. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Relatos de Casos; estudos de casos; Comunicação em Saúde; artigo de revista. aBstractThis article is part of a special series developed to assist authors in the process of scientific writing and communication. The purpose of the study was to underscore the importance of publishing case reports and case series in the medical and health sciences and to provide insights to guide the authors who wish to submit these types of study. A non-systematic review was conducted to present a brief historical overview on reports published in the literature and to provide data on the main difficulties faced by authors trying to publish in the current scenario and on the contributions of case reports and case series to scientific progress. Finally, we address the current paradox of the simultaneous depreciation of this type of publication and reinforcement of the importance of publishing emblematic cases with major impact on the progress of medical science.

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Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic decision making for the academic of the last year of dentistry at the universities of the Distrito Federal, on dental caries in deciduous teeth and permanent young. Material and Methods: The evaluation was obtained through the application of a questionnaire containing a diagram representing five different stages of deep carious lesions on interproximal radiographs. Were selected through census of students enrolled last semester of each institution and concluded that the theoretical discipline of pediatric dentistry in accordance with the curriculum offered by the University. Data were analyzed statistically by the chi-square test the 5% level of significance. Results: We analyzed 132 questionnaires of which 30.3% of respondents opted for immediate restorative treatment for the injuries to deciduous teeth in the dentin-enamel junction to the permanent tooth, the percentage rose to 31.1%, revealing that there was similarity between universities about which strategy to use. Regarding caries removal there was a discrepancy in an institution compared the other in choosing the more invasive treatment (p = 0.0014). Conclusion: We see the need to implement teaching strategies for the training of a professional within the philosophy of minimum intervention.