A total number of Two hundred and forty , day old unsexed Pekin and Domyati ducklings (120/each breeds) at one-day old were used in the present study. The experimental period extended for 12 weeks of age. Experimental ducks were randomly divided into four equal treatments (30 Pekin or Domyati ducks each) in three equal replicates (10 ducks each). Ducks were fed diets containing Potassium iodide at levels of 0, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg iodine/kg ration for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The results showed that growing ducklings fed ration supplemented with Potassium iodide (2, 1.5 and1%) were significantly increased live body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, shank and keel length and body circumference. Relative weight of carcass, and lymphoid organs were significantly increased with iodine. Moreover, blood hemoglobin, red and white blood cells counts and lymphocytes cells% were significantly increased by iodine supplementation to diets. On the other hand, heterophils (%) and H/L ratio were significantly lower by different levels of Potassium iodide supplementation. As well as, plasma total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, calcium, phosphorus and T 3 were significantly higher in treated than the control groups. Conversely, duckling fed ration supplemented with Potassium iodide recorded a significant decrease in plasma total lipids, cholesterol, triglyceride, AST and ALT concentrations .Conclusively, potassium iodide at 2mg/kg diet level resulted in better performance without any adverse effect on physiological responses and carcass quality traits .

Two field experiments were carried out at Al-Hussein Society For Reclaiming And Cultivating land-64 km. Cairo Alexandria desert road, Giza Governorate. Egypt, during two successive summer seasons , 2006 and 2008, to study the effect of three irrigation rates (1500, 2000 and 2500 m³/ fad. per season) on yield and the water use efficiency expressed as kg dry yield/m³ of water consumed, of some sole and mixture summer forage crops, which were: sorghum (Sorghum bicolour ,L.), variety local hybrid 102, pearl millet (Pennisetum glacum) local variety Shandweel-1, cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) local variety buff and local population of Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.). Three cuts were taken throughout the growth season at 60, 95 and 130 days after sowing. The crops grown as pure or mixed of two crops in different proportion (one line legume and two lines cereals or one line legume and one line cereal). The results revealed that, increasing the irrigating water quantum increased the yields in both seasons. The irrigation treatment 2500 m³/fad./season obtained the highest total fresh forage as well as the total crude protein yields /fad. The results cleared that, cereals crops as sole cropping out yielded the legumes and all mixed cropping combinations, and mixture treatments were more yield than legumes as sole crops. The combinations of 2/3 cereals + 1/3 legumes under irrigating treatment 2500 m³/fad./ season out yielded other combinations. Water use efficiency (WUE) values significantly increased by decreasing the irrigation water, in both seasons, the highest WUE obtained at the irrigation treatment 1500 m³/fad./ season with the pure stand of cereal, pearl millet was higher than sorghum, and cowpea was higher than guar in that character. The results revealed that, growing legume with cereal crops in mixtures at rate of 2/3 cereals + 1/3 legumes under irrigating treatment 2500 m³/fad./ season is important for improving the quality of cereal using sprinkler irrigation system at the experimental area.