No abstract

The main objective of this study was to maximize productivity per unit area for cabbage and lettuce crops using the intercropping system and increase its efficiency with biofertilizers. The study compared a monocropping with an intercropping system in combination with bio-fertilization to improve growth, yield, soil efficiency, water efficiency, and reduce chemical residual impacts on the soil. In the two winter, seasons of 2019 and 2020, three fertilizer treatments,100% recommended mineral fertilization (RMF), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and mixed treatment (AMF and 50% RMF) were conducted in monocropping and intercropping systems for cabbage and lettuce. The experiments were done in a factorial randomized complete block designed. The results revealed no significant differences between mono and intercropped systems for most horticultural traits in two seasons, except for the head length and diameter of cabbage that were affected by the intercropping system. The mixed treatment supported the intercropping system to outperform all treatments. The mixed treatment recorded the highest horticultural parameter values and the most improvement of mineral uptake, potential of hydrogen (pH), total dissolved solids (TDS), and enzyme activities in plants and soil, as well as an economical use efficiency for yield, water, and soil. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the intercropping system with biofertilizers in producing a high yield of crops while also preserving biological balance of soil, particularly in light of agricultural area fragmentation and climate change challenges.

No abstract

YSTER MUSHROOM is a promising source of single cell protein because it can consume a wide range of lignocellulosic materials without pre-composting due to its unique oxidative enzyme system. In the current work different agro-industrial residues; Orange peel (OP), Olive mill waste (OMW), Moringa leaves (ML), Corn cobs (CC), Rice straw (RS), Sugar cane bagasse (SCB), jojoba bagasse (JB) were evaluated for their potential to support the growth of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) mycelium in submerged static cultures and the fungal oxidative enzymes (Laccase and Peroxidase) were tracked at the end of incubation time. The most potent treatments were used individually or in combinations in the production of oyster fruiting bodies in solid state process. A number of parameters indicating the efficiency of cultivation process were assayed including (Days of completion of spawn running 100%, Days of pinheads formation, Days of fruiting bodies formation, Harvesting time/days, Yield of mushrooms on first and second flush(g), biological efficiencies % and Production rate/day. The highest dry weight in the submerged fermentation experiment was recorded by SCB followed by RS then OMW. Laccase activity recorded its highest values in case of RS, 55.12 Uml -1 while the highest peroxidase activity was recorded for SCB 35 Uml-1. The best combination between agro-industrial residues was (50%RS+50% OP) where it gave the highest total yield (866 g) with a yield % 86.58 and biological efficiencies of 144.87%.